The right to food is a fundamental pillar to the right to life. Yet it is also arguably the most violated human right globally. Today, hundreds of millions of individuals – some 821 million – remain food insecure. They lack consistent physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. They face obstacles to securing an adequate income to purchase the food needed to feed their families in a dignified manner, and to acquiring rights and access to the resources – water, land, seeds, biodiversity – necessary to produce food. This synthesis report summarizes the results of broad consultation amongst social movements, Indigenous peoples, small-scale food producers, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other CSOs on the use and implementation of the RTF Guidelines, as well as the main challenges that negatively impact the realization of the right to food and nutrition. It is a contribution from the Civil Society Mechanism (CSM) to the Global Thematic Event on the RTF Guidelines to be held during the 45th session of the CFS in October 2018. As such, it aims to contribute to promoting learning from experience and accountability in the CFS, the foremost inclusive international and intergovernmental platform on  food security and nutrition, and to reinforcing the important role of monitoring at the CFS.