This Working Paper reviews the current knowledge on feed legumes development in drylands of Iran and presents the results of studies done by the Iran’s Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI) in different agro-climatic zones of the country. The study includes the existing technologies, and advocates policy, and institutional innovations that are needed to improve food security and livelihoods in dryland areas. Iran aims to increase its productivity and stability of rainfed forage crops to ensure food security and improve rural livelihoods in its dryland areas. Government agencies, NGOs, policy makers, farmers in rainfed conditions and rural communities are the key beneficiaries and target audiences for the implementation of these policies.