Agricultural biodiversity, also known as agrobiodiversity, is crucial for ensuring food and livelihood security. It encompasses the variety and diversity of plants, animals, and microorganisms used directly or indirectly for food, including crops, livestock, forestry, and fisheries. This rich biodiversity results from the co-evolution of natural processes and human activities, spanning thousands of years since the dawn of agriculture. However, modern agricultural practices have led to a significant reduction in agrobiodiversity, threatening the sustainability of ecosystems and food security. This blog explores the importance of agrobiodiversity, the role of custodian farmers, and the various global efforts to conserve these vital resources.