The war in Ukraine has brought the global food crisis to the forefront. But the crisis is not new. Food insecurity has been increasing for several years, as have global food prices, which reached record levels in 2021. After two years of pandemic, in the face of climate disruption, conflicts and their economic consequences for populations, the lack of resilience of our agricultural and food systems is glaring. At a time when the world is undergoing its third food crisis of the 21st century, primarily affecting vulnerable populations, the responses to be provided must be a break with those proposed during previous food crises. This decoding looks at the determining factors of food crises and identifies the levers needed to provide effective and structuring responses for the future of our food systems.