The Illipe species (Shorea spp.) are Southeast Asian forest trees that are highly suitable to be cultivated on tropical peatlands. The nuts and timber of these trees have a high commercial value. At the same time, Illipe plantations conserve peatlands. Peatlands not only hold a large pool of carbon but also play an important role in the retention, purification and release of water and in the mitigation of droughts and floods. Therefore, sustainable management of peat ecosystem is needed to improve the resilience and capacity of a community to adapt to climate change. This practice describes the benefits of Illipe nuts and how to establish an Illipe plantation. It is derived from a study case in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.