In the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, aquaculture plays a major role in achieving food security and can deliver many socioeconomic benefits and help to maintain or increase production of aquatic foods while ensuring wild stocks are fished within their maximum sustainable yield. Given the importance of this sector and the growing demand for aquatic products, it is vital that aquaculture in the region be both sustainable and productive. In this regard, it is necessary to promote practices supporting the sustainability of the sector and maximize the sharing of technology and information in order to give producers all the necessary tools and information on aquaculture production. This manual aims to support this endeavour by presenting detailed information about the rearing practices of Black Sea turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). It provides an introduction into the status of the turbot aquaculture sector, as well as the necessary environmental conditions for optimal production. It also describes the production of live food for turbot larvae as well as the management of broodstock and the procedures for optimal larval and juvenile rearing. Finally, with a view to capitalizing on and promoting innovative technologies, it presents recent applications of biotechnologies to turbot production.