The effects of climate change on agriculture and food production are evident in regions around the world. Effective climate change adaptation and mitigation in the agricultural sector calls for multiple context specific, and at times complex, strategies. Promoting these strategies effectively involves changing the behavior, strategies and agricultural practices of millions of producers. Studies point to the current role agricultural extension and advisory services (EAS) provided by public, private and civil society organizations play in promoting climate change adaptation and mitigation at scale and additional roles they could potentially play. This evidence review aims to document the various roles and functions played by EAS in climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts. It also identifies challenges, as well as the capacities and support EAS need to effectively contribute to climate change adaptation and mitigation in
agriculture. To do this, over 500 journal articles and other documents were reviewed and analyzed using the innovation management framework, which recognizes the wide range of roles and functions to be performed for innovation and impact at scale.