The CGIAR Initiative on Agroecology engages with food system actors in seven countries: Burkina Faso, Kenya, Tunisia and Zimbabwe in Africa, India and Lao PDR in Asia, Peru in Latin America. Transition pathways in each country will encompass different parts of the food systems, for example, farming practices, business models, services, consumption etc. Depending on local contexts, the Initiative conceptualizes three possible transition pathways, namely: (i) agroecological ‘intensification’ (for low-production systems with low inputs); (ii) the ‘re-design’ of small-scale farming (for low profitability systems with high external inputs); and (iii) ’conversion’ (for high productive farms with high negative social and environmental impacts).