Using the case of maize production in Kenya, this study reframes the challenge of smallholder commercialization in the context of staple
food crop production and individual farm-level decision-making by a heterogeneous population of smallholder farmers. While
many smallholder growers of staple crops find themselves trapped in a cycle of poverty, they differ greatly in their abilities to break
this cycle and in their attitudes towards using commercial farming as the pathway for doing so. With an appreciation for the heterogeneity
of smallholder farmers comes an understanding that supporting policies and programmes must move from traditional onesize-fits-all
approaches to more targeted, customized approaches that are more likely to facilitate the sustainable uptake of a more
commercially oriented approach to smallholder farming. Based on extensive primary data analysis, various innovative options for such
strategies are presented in this study.