This book presents emerging findings on the importance of moving beyond single-sector interventions to embrace integrated landscape management that takes into account the health of the ecosystems that support human livelihoods and contribute to the resilience of rural communities in Sub-Saharan African drylands. Integrated landscape management is particularly important for these drylands as people depend on production systems that are frequently disrupted by exogenous shocks such as drought. Households rely on movement over relatively large areas or on diversification of livelihoods. The latter includes the use of multiple plant and animal species, but also migratory labor and transformation of and marketing of agricultural products. This reliance on multiple ecosystems and ecosystem services can become easily unbalanced with an isolated management focus on one sector or one commodity, which in turn may degrade other resources, reduce food security, or increase other risks. Integrated landscape management can help to avoid or minimize the potentially negative impacts of such uncoordinated, sector-specific interventions and capitalize on potential synergies. Preliminary findings from this publication were shared with several audiences to gather input, discuss key results, and refine content. An overview of the book was first presented at a side event during the 2013 United Nations Conference to Combat Desertification Conference of the Parties 11 in Windhoek, Namibia. Additionally, the authors presented interim results at a seminar hosted by the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets (CGIAR-PIM) at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), a practice session at the World Bank Sustainable Development Network Forum, and a PROFOR Advisory Board meeting in 2014.