Pastoralism has a high historical and cultural background in Corsica as in many other Mediterranean countries. But for many actors, it is mainly seen as an idealistic image to sell local products with few clear references to real technical and global pastoral systems. Defining a renewed pastoralism in relation to the use of rangelands and natural local resource, with few inputs and enhancing local know-how, and product qualification could be a solution to create new jobs and face the challenges our world will face within the next 20 years (less dependence on cultivated or bought forage or stuffs, to feed more people with less use of not renewable and fossil resources, adaptation to climate changing, ..).