The report examines the current structure of and latest trends in EU farming employment, exploring in particular the drivers of agricultural labour markets and how they differ across Europe. Starting from an analysis of the historic and spatial patterns of changes within agricultural holdings and the labour force in Europe, the study then delves into the determinants and effects of such developments, the associated challenges and the microeconomic strategies implemented to overcome them. The report discusses also the role and performance of the CAP and of other national and regional institutional frameworks in maintaining agricultural employment and improving farmers’ working conditions in rural areas.