The use of recycled fertilizer from urban waste could aid in closing the nutrient cycle between urban and rural areas, while also lowering the energy consumption of mineral fertilizer production and the reliance of the organic sector on manures from conventional farming. However, first the recycled fertilizers need to be evaluated in respect to their yield effect, nitrogen (N) efficiency, resulting nutrient budgets, environmental impact, especially N losses and accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), and their effect on soil fertility in the short and long term. In order to do so, data from a longterm field trail, which investigates fertilization of stored human urine, compost from household waste and sewage sludge in comparison to mineral fertilization, different cattle manures (deep litter, manure and slurry) and unfertilized treatments, and model predictions of the soil-plant-atmosphere model DAISY were evaluated. Human urine performed similar to the mineral N fertilization for yield, N efficiency, and nutrient budget, while sewage sludge and compost were more similar to the animal manures with lower yields, N efficiencies and higher nutrient imbalances, especially P and S surpluses. Contrastingly to human urine, compost and sewage sludge hold a risk of PTE accumulation in the soil. Yet, the effect on plant uptake and soil fertility seemed to be neglectable. Between 34% and 55% of N supply were lost in the fertilized treatments. Nitrate leaching was the main loss pathway, but human urine had relative high losses due to ammonia volatilization. Within the compost and straw rich manure treatments, the surplus of applied N, resulted in increase in soil N storage, which is accompanied with an increase in soil carbon. Especially compost showed high potentials for increasing soil organic matter. The study showed that each fertilizer has advantages and disadvantages, and thus they should be utilized in mixtures according to their strength.