Supported by Sida, the World Agroforestry centre (ICRAF) and the African Conservation Tillage Network (ACT) launched the Conservation Agriculture with Trees (CAWT) pilot project in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. The countries were selected as among those in Africa where there was strong evidence of CA up-scaling taking place. The project was premised on the hypothesis that integrating trees in conservation agriculture systems has the potential to enable smallholder farmers to attain more sustainable production and agro-ecosystems. The project was funded for one and a half years (December 2010 to May 2012). The purpose was to develop a solid knowledge and partnership base for effective up-scaling of a continent-wide campaign for evergreen agriculture among smallholder farmers in SSA including awareness, capacity development and policy guidance.