Agriculture affects the environment in many different ways. Both in positive ways, farming systems generating semi-natural habitats with high levels of biodiversity and negative ways, e.g. farming systems that cause pollution, eutrophication and deterioration of habitats. In addition afforestation of agricultural lands can generate opportunities to create additional farm income and increase the sequestration of carbon, the regulation of water and protection of soils, but if not implemented carefully it may not deliver these benefits and in some circumstances it may also have very adverse effects on both environment and biodiversity.