This paper critically examines the key legal and policy issues in developing sustainable agroforestry on unproductive land in Viti Levu, Fiji. Much of this land has become unproductive because of the decline in Fiji’s sugar industry, on which the country has long relied. Interest in other land uses has thus arisen. Recent reports indicate that only a very minimal amount of agroforestry is being practised in Fiji, and it is pertinent to examine the opportunities and constraints facing the promotion of sustainable agroforestry development. This paper presents an overview of existing laws and policies in Fiji relevant to agroforestry and provides some policy recommendations for promotion of agroforestry. It appears that, although there is strong support for agroforestry in agricultural and forestry polices, practical efforts and the coordination for implementation of the broader policy objectives are lacking.