The Kagera River Basin in East Africa occupies a strategic position on the borders of four countries. Good management of the Kagera water flow regime is vital for maintaining the water levels of Like Victoria and outflow to the River Nile. More than 16 million people live here and depend on the area’s natural resources for their survival. Now, FAO’s Transboundary Agro-Ecosystem Management Project is introducing a new approach to protect the River Basin and its inhabitants.