This paper aim is to examine various assumptions referring to the increase of subsistence farming in Slovakia during the transformation period. Based on statistical data from small landholdings and individual, non-registered farms in various regions of the country (districts with high and low unemployment, eastern and northern versus western and...

The objective of the paper is to analyse the evolution and strategies of Albanian farms in order to understand the process of adapting to the market economy, to outline the role of agriculture in the country's socio-economic development and to identify future strategies of public policies in rural areas. The...

For Poland, the last decade of the 20th century was a time of intensive social, political and economic change. Poland was confronted with the necessity of quick but deep changes in the economy, as well as in state administration and the functioning of newly-established self-government structures. As a result of...

During the past decade and a half considerable effort has been put into agricultural restructuring in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that are undergoing transition to a market economy. The last decade has also coincided with considerable increase in inequality in all transition economies. The fall in...

In this paper, the processes of adapting to the market economy, which the agricultural credit market in Poland underwent during the 1990-2003 period, is examined. Under conditions of low agricultural income and the necessity of broad and deep restructuring in Polish agriculture, the credit market, as an external source of...

During the 1990’s transition period for Eastern Europe, the European Association for Animal production (EAAP) carried out numerous activities in support of restructuring the animal production sector in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). This resulted in a large number of publications on animal production system and issues related...

Romanian Agriculture went through major transformations after the political changes of December 1989, due especially to the structural reorganization of land ownership. Agrarian reform started in 1990 with the liquidation of the socialist cooperatives and regulated by the new land ownership law (No. 18/1991), along with a whole series of...

Subsistence agriculture is a phenomenon that is presently encountered not only in developing countries, but also in the Central and Eastern European transition countries (CEECs). The various land reforms implemented in Eastern Europe have led to differences in the land tenure and farming systems and have influenced the access to...

Small-scale, family fishing enterprises manage to persist despite the difficult economic and ecological changes and disruptions they almost constantly have experienced during the past several decades. Drawing upon long-term ethnographic and historical research in the Bigouden region of France, this paper asks why and how family-based fishing enterprises continue in...

Risk and De-Collectivisation: Evidence from the Czech Republic Bezemer, D. J. (2002), Proceedings of 2002 International Congress, August 28-31, 2002, Zaragoza, Spain The paper analyses the behavior of family farms socialist-style farms in the presence of risk, given the typical post-socialist environment in the Czech Republic. http://purl.umn.edu/24888

Farm Transformation and Restructuring in Czech Agriculture – Ten Years After Doucha, T., Divila, E., Trávníček, Z., (2002) 13th International Farm Management Congress, July 7-12, 2002, Wageningen, The Netherlands. The development of the farms structure in the Czech Republic can be found for example in the article written by Doucha, Divila...

The EIP-AGRI Focus Group on Fertiliser efficiency - horticulture in open field brought together 20 experts to find answers to this question. The final report, published in July 2016, contains a set of innovative fertilisation approaches, ideas for Operational Groups, needs from practice, recommendations for farmers and advisers and links...

Ensuring that women have independent and secure rights to farmland is an important component of eliminating poverty and increasing economic productivity. This is true for three general reasons. First, women are often the primary food producers for a household, working their household farm plots while their husbands work for collective...

Ecological marginalization stems from the transformation of ecosystems in a way that alters their functional integrity through the elimination of their production and decomposition functions. Ecosystem production becomes the subject of quantitative exploitation, while decomposition is affected by the use of local ecosystems as receivers of various wastes.  Consequently, social...

Basic legislation for the whole agriculture is given by the Act No. 252/1997 Coll., on Agriculture, as amended. http://eagri.cz/public/web/mze/legislativa/pravni-predpisy-mze/tematicky-prehled/Legislativa-MZe_uplna-zneni_zakon-1997-252-viceoblasti.html (available in Czech language only).

All over the world women play a unique and vital role in fixing our broken food system. The prevailing view on agriculture and food in Europe and in European institutions is limited to economics and trade. In these places (old) men in suits discuss amongst themselves and take decisions. In...

The First European Convention on Farming Systems Research and Extension marked the beginning of an exploration and a sharing. Those of us who have participated in the meetings of the Association of Farming Systems Research and Extension (AFSRE) have got to know each other through our work in developing countries....

Nous avons vu que tous les auteurs qui ont cherché à interpréter le mouvement général de modernisation de l’agriculture s’accordent sur l’idée selon laquelle l’entrée, nécessaire et inévitable, de l’agriculture dans la modernité ne se réalise qu’à partir des années 1960. C’est le moment où une nouvelle élite paysanne, composée...

Pierre Alphandéry, Pierre Bitoun et Yves Dupont publient en 1989 Les Champs du départ, une France rurale sans paysans ? aux éditions de La Découverte. Respectivement sociologues et historien, les trois chercheurs de l’INRA analysent de l’intérieur les grands bouleversements opérés par la politique agricole de l’aprèsguerre et s’appliquent à...

Brassica crops may be infested and infected by a wide range of pest and pathogen species. For example, as many as 50 species of insect from several orders (Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera) are considered to be Brassica pests. Some of these species are specialists in that they colonise plants...