The city of Amman is the capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and lies in the northern part of the Kingdom, covering an area of 1700 km2 with an estimated population of 2,200,000 inhabitants. Annual average rainfall is 275 mm. The poverty rate in Amman reached 8.5 percent in...

A questionnaire was conducted with 92 goat owners in three areas, each one representing one of the most prevalent production systems in Egypt. Bio-economic data were collected and submitted to costbenefit analysis. When family labor cost was included as an opportunity cost, the economic analysis revealed a break even for...

La Barbarine est la principale race ovine à viande en Tunisie. Avec ses deux écotypes dominants, la tête noire et la tête rousse, elle constitue 64% de l’effectif total des ovins. Connue par son adaptation aux conditions climatiques difficiles, sa capacité d’exploiter les pâturages pauvres ainsi que de surmonter les...

Les terres agricoles subissent une pression croissante à la suite de l’étalement urbain et résidentiel, du développement du tourisme et de la modification des formes d’usages des espaces ruraux, et ce quel que soit le niveau de développement des pays. C’est dans la perspective d’apporter des connaissances utiles aux décideurs...

The current evolution of the sheep and goat sectors in the Mediterranean region, with a constant decrease in economic profitability, a high incertitude on the generational transfer of farms, and the environmental concerns for both the consequences of abandonment of the activity in some areas and the increase of the...

A Small Ruminant Decision Support System (SRDSS) was developed to improve flock productivity under the arid conditions of the North Costal Zone of Egypt. Field data were collected on 165 flocks to characterize prevailing small ruminant production systems and to identify their biological and economic potentialities and constraints. The SRDSS...

Livestock is still the main source of income of rural populations in the West Asian and North African (WANA) countries. However, many factors among which climate change are threatening the production systems. There are considerable gaps in our knowledge of how climate change will affect livestock systems and the livelihoods...

L’élevage ovin demeure la principale source de revenu chez la population rurale, notamment au centre et au sud du pays. Le système d’alimentation de ce cheptel connaît depuis ces dernières décennies des mutations importantes imposées par des facteurs climatiques, économiques, sociaux, institutionnels et environnementaux. Jusqu’aux années 70 (phase 1), l’alimentation...

Le secteur de l’élevage ovin en Tunisie a connu une forte croissance en améliorant sa contribution à la couverture de la demande de viande rouge. Cette croissance a été obtenue grâce à un ensemble de politiques visant notamment l’encouragement de l’élevage ovin en tant que facteur de développement de la...

Livestock fodder needs in nearly all developing countries now exceed the sustainable yield of rangelands and other forage resources. In Africa, overgrazing has reduced range productivity virtually everywhere. It is important to provide animals with adequate nutrition to ensure the high productive and reproductive performance. Meanwhile, it is necessary to...

 Legumes are the main source of protein for more than one billion people in South Asia. ICARDA and its partners have developed new legume varieties with high yields, enhanced nutritional value, as well as other traits such as drought tolerance and disease resistance.

Following a drought event, several interactive feedback relations will get involved, whose effects can be realized as drought impacts. That is the behaviour of the components of a socio-economic system in response to the new changes due to drought which will form the system total behaviour in terms of socioeconomic-natural...

This work aims at analyzing different management practices for the improvement of the agricultural production in the Central Jordan Valley. The optimization of the cropping pattern has been done under different water scarcity and drought conditions and prevailing environmental and socio-economic constraints. The ISAREG model was used to estimate crop...

The aim of this investigation is to evaluate some proposed adaptation measures in order to overcome the projected impacts of climate change over on-farm irrigation system in Egypt. Improve irrigation systems efficiencies, change irrigation systems, and deficient irrigation were evaluated by using multi-criteria approach of evaluation. Adaptation measures were studied...

L’agropastoralisme est un système agraire combinant productions animales extensive et cultures végétales sur deux espaces bien distincts : d’une part des espaces dit naturels dédiés à l’élevage de parcours, d’autre part des espaces cultivés, organisés, dédiés aux productions végétales et fortement marqué par l’activité humaine. Cette répartition initiale des productions...

Les paysages culturels de l’agro pastoralisme sont fortement liés aux pratiques techniques et culturelles des éleveurs utilisateurs et gestionnaires des espaces qu’ils occupent. C’est particulièrement vrai sur la zone de Djelfa, haut lieu du pastoralisme algérien, sur les hauts plateaux. Ce pastoralisme, comme dans l’ensemble du monde méditerranéen, subit des...

Une inscription des steppes du Proche-Orient au patrimoine mondial des paysages culturels de l’agro pastoralisme pourrait s’imposer comme une évidence. Lieu d’émergence de l’agriculture et du pastoralisme, elles recèlent des vestiges de toutes les formes d’exploitation agricole et pastorale du proto élevage néolithique aux aménagements hydro agricoles des époques byzantine...

In view of the creation of a free trade area by 2010-2020, it is increasingly important to fuel euroMediterranean partnership and gradually aim at the construction of a high quality agricultural and agrifood system. To this end, the horizons of research should be widened to cover the big issues of...

Climate change scenarios predict negative impacts on agriculture in the southern Mediterranean regions. Preparedness for increasingly frequent droughts requires a good knowledge on how chronic water shortages may affect production and cropping systems. This work investigates recent variations in agricultural production and in cropping practices in Tunisia as induced by...

Mauritania is one of the Sahelian countries most severely affected by the repeated periods of drought that have been occurring since the end of the 1960s. Desertification control has always been a national priority and a central concern of successive governments, taking the practical form of various development plans and...