According to the Territory of Estonia Administrative Division Act, Estonia is divided into counties, rural municipalities and cities. There are 15 counties (LAU 1) and 227 local governments - 33 cities and 194 rural municipalities (LAU 2) in Estonia [2]. In Estonian case (in the context of rural development) county...

This paper proposes a general pattern of rural development in which rises in per capita income are associated with a decline in the importance of agricultural production and a rise in the importance of non-agricultural income sources. Following the approach to examining Engel's Law, we use data from 15 developing...

This paper attempts to fill some of the key research gaps in the literature on Urban Agriculture (UA) using survey data for 15 developing or transition countries. The paper analyzes in a comparative perspective the importance of UA for the poor and food insecure households located in urban areas.

This report intends to provide key elements for answering these questions. Before starting the analysis, it is necessary to introduce the factors that have fuelled the adoption of certification in the banana industry and the main categories of schemes used.

Climate variability poses a severe threat to subsistence farmers in southern Africa. Two different approaches have emerged in recent years to address these threats: the use of seasonal precipitation forecasts for risk reduction (for example, choosing seed varieties that can perform well for expected rainfall conditions), and the use of...

This is an updated (March 2008), revised version of an earlier working paper with the same title. The paper characterizes household access to assets and agrarian institutions through the comparative analysis of datasets from 15 nationally representative household surveys from four regions of the developing world.

Soil type and the effect of management on the condition of the soil are important determinants of the character and quality of wine, and have profound effects on long-term profits. Land managers need tools that are reliable, quick and easy to use in order to help them assess the condition...

A new tourist modality, the community tourism, has strongly appeared in the countries of the Andean region of Latin America, mainly in Ecuador. The present document identifies and analyzes the aspects that distinguish the community tourism as tourist modality, the model of tourist development in which it is framed and...

Food insecurity and income poverty are rampant in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thirty-one percent of children under the age of five are malnourished and some 72 percent of the population lives on less than US$2 day. Forty-one percent lives on less than US$1 day. The impoverished and hungry are concentrated disproportionately in...

In their individual and joint efforts to address the problems of poverty, IFAD and its partner agencies in the NENA region are confronted by a large number of constraints, including:• The natural resource base in both quantity and quality, in particular, the prevalence ofdesert and semi-arid areas and the frequency...

Small producers, who sell their own products from their own farms, have been making and selling their products for many generations. They believe in the health of their products. But in certain cases, production and storage conditions can lead to serious food poisoning, even though the producer/seller who eats the...

This paper assesses the current rural development practice against the main trends in recent rural development thinking, based on evidence from four country case studies. While much progress has been made in understanding the need to look beyond only agriculture for the promotion of productive activities in rural areas, and...

(Páginas 1- 6 de la publicación). En el Perú una variable que caracteriza la condición socioeconómica de la familia campesina es la pobreza rural.  Entre los factores que se encuentran asociados al desarrollo económico de las zonas rurales se menciona, en general, a las características geográficas de la región, las...

This article discusses rural tourism and agriculture as a family that can give a local development in Nossa Senhora do Livramento - MT suggests using efficient ways and alternative forms of the environmental resources through the existent organic farming, handicrafts, adding value to natural products and production existing and organize...

This brief explains how Conservation agriculture offers a powerful option for meeting future food demands while also contributing to sustainable agriculture and rural development. CA methods can improve the efficiency of input, increase farm income, improve or sustain crop yields, and protect and revitalize soil, biodiversity and the natural resource...

This paper aims to review the role of farm households and the agro-food sector in the economy of rural areas in Korea. It discusses definition of rural area, share of agricultural and agro-food sectors in Korean economy, the income situation of farm households and non-farming activities, and multiplier effects of...

The Conference on Ecological Agriculture: Mitigating Climate Change, Providing Food Security and Self-Reliance for Rural Livelihoods in Africa was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on 26-28 November 2008. It was organised by the African Union (AU), UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development...

En el presente Manual se plantea una recopilación de los principales cultivos hortí- colas que pueden desarrollarse en una huerta familiar, desde la teoría y con la práctica, a través de una metodología descriptiva basada en cuatro puntos: Clima y Suelo Forma y Época de Siembra Cuidados del Cultivo Cosecha. Esto...

Este  documento  es  un  resultado  del Programa  Dinámicas  Territoriales Rurales,  que  Rimisp  lleva  a  cabo  en varios  países  de  América  Latina  en colaboración  con  numerosos  socios. El  programa  cuenta  con  el  auspicio del  Centro  Internacional  de Investigaciones  para  el  Desarrollo (IDRC,  Canadá).  Se  autoriza  la reproducción  parcial  o  total  y  la...

Global total production of fish, crustaceans and molluscs has continued to increase and reached 142 million tonnes in 2008. While capture production has stayed around 90 million tonnes level since 2001, aquaculture production has continued to show strong growth, increasing at an average annual growth rate of 6.2 percent from...