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The ecological guides are technical reference manuals. They give background information and refer to exercises/studies that can be done in the field during training of trainers (TOT), farmers field schools (FFS) and action research to better understand a topic. The information in the guides is not specific for one country. [...]

The objective of this Vegetable IPM Exercise Manual is to provide examples of discovery-based exercises and field studies that can be done in IPM trainings, such as Training of Trainers (TOT) and Farmers’ Field Schools (FFS), or as field studies and training follow up. Many of the exercises described in [...]

The cultivation of tropical Asian rice, which may have originated 9000 yr ago, represents an agricultural ecosystem of unrivaled ecological complexity. We undertook a study of the community ecology of irrigated tropical rice fields on Java, Indonesia, as a supporting study for the Indonesian National Integrated Pest Management Programme, whose [...]

A study of the community ecology of irrigated tropical rice fields on Java, Indonesia, as a supporting study for the Indonesian National Integrated Pest Management Programme, whose purpose is to train farmers to be better agronomists and to employ the principles of integrated pest management (IPM)

Emerging evidence for the success on farms of resource-conserving technologies and practices must not tempt agricultural professionals into making prescriptions about what constitutes sustainable agriculture. Sustainability is a complex and contested concept, and so precise definitions are impossible. The dominant scientific paradigm of positivism has served us well over three [...]

Aquaculture In developing countries can improve the sustainability of small-scale farms provided that It is fully integrated with other enterprises and household activities so as to allow farm families and communities to manage their natural resources effectively. This requires the consideration of pond management and fish husbandry as means to [...]

The political stability and economic development of Asia depend more on an assured supply of rice than any other factor endogenous to Asia. With that supply, real development can start. The emergence of the world's first national scale market economy in southern China during the Song Dynasty about 1000 years [...]