Table 6. Composition of vitamin mixture used for intensive culture of Atlantic salmon  (1 kg vitamin mixture/100 kg of feed)
Vitamin Vitamin level1 Supplement and potency Amount 
(IU or mg/kg) (g/100 kg)
Vitamin A 4 000 IU Retinyl acetate, 500 000 IU/g 0.8
Vitamin D3 3 000 IU Cholecalciferol, 500 000 IU/g 0.6
Vitamin E 150 IU dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate, 500 IU/g 30
Vitamin K3 20 mg Menadione sodium bisulfite, 33% 6.1
Thiamin 20 mg Thiamin mononitrate, 92% 2.2
Riboflavin 15 mg Riboflavin, 80% 1.88
Pantothenic acid 50 mg d-calcium pantothenate, 90% 5.6
Biotin 0.5 mg d-biotin, 2% 2.5
Folic acid 5  mg Folic acid, 80% 0.63
Vitamin B12 0.10 mg  Vitamin B12 , 1% 1
Niacin 150 mg Niacin, 100% 15
Pyridoxine 20 mg Pyridoxine hydrochloride, 82% 2.44
Ascorbic acid 100 mg Ascorbic acid monophosphate, 35% 28.6
Inositol 100 mg Inositol, 100% 10
Choline2 1.5 g Choline chloride, 50% 300
Carrier     592.66
Total     1,000
1Higher concentration of vitamin E and C may be used at certain stages of the life cycle to prevent diseases and stress and improve product quality
2Choline chloride is not incorporated in the vitamin mixture due to hygroscopic properties.