Table 9. Commercial mineral inclusion levels for Penaeus monodon. | |||||
Species: | Shrimp | Shrimp | P. monodon | P. monodon | |
Minerals | Unit per kg of feed | Akiyama, Dominy and Lawrence (1991) | CIBA (2002) | Rotosquare Enterprises Ltd, (Taiwan) (2009) | Lee and Shiau (2004) |
Manganese | mg/kg | 20 | 40�60 | 5 | 29.9 |
Zinc H2O | mg/kg | 110 | 80�120 | 27.5 | 93.1 |
Copper | mg/kg | 35 | 40�60 | 15 | 20.2 |
Iodine | mg/kg | � | � | 0.25 | 15.1 |
Cobalt | mg/kg | 10 | � | 0.5 | 29.8 |
Iron | mg/kg | 300 | 60�100 | 7.5 | 287.7 |
Magnesium | mg/kg | 2000 | 400�3 000 | 100 | 848 |
Selenium | mg/kg | 1 | � | 0.05 | 0 |
Chromium | mg/kg | � | � | � | 0 |
Aluminium | mg/kg | � | � | � | 2.3 |
Calcium | % | 2.3 | � | � | 0.9 |
Phosphorus | % | 1.5 | 1�2 | � | 1 |
Potassium | % | 0.9 | � | � | 0.6 |
Sulphur | % | � | � | � | 0.1 |
Sodium | % | � | � | � | 0.4 |
Ca:P | ratio | � | 01:01 | � | � |