Table 1. Natural food fluctuations (percent of total food intake)
Location New Zealand - Lake Waahi (seasonal variations) New Zealand - Waikato River Spain - Cabanes Lake Spain - Albufera Lake Black Sea
Life stage Juveniles/adults Juveniles/adults (a) Juveniles/adults (b) Juveniles/adults (b) Larvae (c)
Period Jan/Feb (a) Mar/Apr (a) Jun/Jul/Aug (a) Sept/Oct (a) Nov/Dec (a)                
Plants/algae 48 34 59 54 41 63 25 12.5          
Detritus 35 29 34 29 53 6 37.5 30.7          
Zoobenthos             37.5 18.2          
Benthic copepod (Harpacticoida)                 3.7       1.5
Benthic copepod (Monstrilla)                         0.8
Zooplankton               38.6          
Plankton copepods (Acartia clausi)                   3   6.4 1.2
Plankton copepods (Anomalocera patersoni)                   1.3   3.6  
Plankton copepods (Centropages kr�yeri)                 3.7 2.7   3.1 2.1
Plankton copepods (Labidocera brunescens)                   0.7   3.1 3.1
Plankton copepods (Oithona nana)                 92.6 56.9 85.7 23.8 61.3
Plankton copepods (Paracalanus parvus)                   16.9   39.5 6.6
Plankton copepods (Pontenella mediterranea)                       7.1  
Plankton copepods (Pseudocalanus elongatus)                   11.8   4.9  
Plankton crustacea (Penilia avirostris)                   5.4   5.9  
Plankton crustacea (Evadne sp.)                   1 9.5 2.3 23.4
Crustacean nauplii                     4.8    
Bivalvia larvae                   0.3   0.3  
Snails           7              
Inorganic matter 17 37 7 17 6 24              
*Define size class in terms of weight and age (if applicable)
Data source: (a) Wells (1984) in fishbase.org, (b) Blanco et al. (2003) in fishbase.org, (c) Pisarevskaya and Aksenova (1991) in fishbase.org