| Table 2. Summary of dietary nutrient requirement and utilization (requirement expressed for dry feed except otherwise where mentioned) | ||||||
| Nutrient level | Life stage/size class | |||||
| Larvae | Fry | Fingerling | Juvenile | Grower | Broodstock | |
| Crude protein, % min | 40�50 | 20�40 | 30�45 | |||
| Crude protein, g/kg body weight/day | 34.6 | |||||
| Amino acids, % min of dietary protein | ||||||
| Arginine | 2.8�3.5 (a) | |||||
| Histidine | 1.2�1.6 (a) | |||||
| Isoleucine | 2.3�2.9 (a) | |||||
| Leucine | 3.1�3.9 (a) | |||||
| Lysine | 2.4�3.0 (a) | |||||
| Methionine | 1.4�1.7 (a) | |||||
| Phenylalanine | 2.3�2.9 (a) | |||||
| Threonine | 2.1�2.6 (a) | |||||
| Tryptophan | ||||||
| Valine | 2.4�3.0 (a) | |||||
| Crude lipid, % min | 5�10 | |||||
| Essential fatty acids, % min | ||||||
| 18:2n-6 | ||||||
| 20:4n-6 | ||||||
| 18:3n-3 | ||||||
| 20:5n-3 | ||||||
| 22:6n-3 | ||||||
| Carbohydrate, % max | ||||||
| Crude fibre, % max | ||||||
| Gross energy, min kJ/g | 1.44 (b) | |||||
| Digestible energy, min kJ/g | ||||||
| Metabolizable energy, min kJ/g | ||||||
| Protein to energy ratio, mg/kJ | ||||||
| Minerals | ||||||
| Macroelements (%) | ||||||
| Calcium, max | ||||||
| Phosphorus, min | ||||||
| Magnesium, min | ||||||
| Sodium, min | ||||||
| Microelements, min mg/kg dry diet | ||||||
| Potassium | ||||||
| Iron | ||||||
| Sulphur | ||||||
| Chlorine | ||||||
| Copper | ||||||
| Manganese | ||||||
| Zinc | ||||||
| Cobalt | ||||||
| Selenium | ||||||
| Iodine | ||||||
| Molybdenium | ||||||
| Chromium | ||||||
| Flourine | ||||||
| Vitamins, min IU/kg | ||||||
| Vitamin A | ||||||
| Vitamin D | ||||||
| Vitamins, min mg/kg | ||||||
| Vitamin E | ||||||
| Vitamin K | ||||||
| Thiamine | ||||||
| Riboflavin | ||||||
| Pyridoxine | ||||||
| Pantothenic acid | ||||||
| Niacin | ||||||
| Folic acid | ||||||
| Vitamin B12 | ||||||
| Choline | ||||||
| Inositol | ||||||
| Biotin | ||||||
| Ascorbic acid | ||||||
| Data source: (a) Shcherbina et al. (1988), (b) El-Dahhar (2001) | ||||||