This tool is based on information contained in the literature and on the experience and knowledge of national and international experts involved in the design, implementation and evaluation of LAPs. The tool used and adapted various conceptual frameworks and instruments existing in the field of impact assessment, and each of these frameworks has been adapted to the various levels of intervention of the programmes (corresponding to modules 2, 3, and 4 of this toll) and to the Fiscal, Financial and Economic Analysis of the programmes (corresponding to module 5).

Econometric methods are proposed such as quasi-experimental and non-experimental evaluations, as well as surveys and techniques to determine user and beneficiary perception of the services provided by Land Administration Systems (LAS), or the direct benefits of LAPs.

The analytical framework and instruments of the M&E-LAP tool can be adopted by national institutions, subnational entities, civil society organizations and experts seeking to modernize their Land Administration Systems (LAS), and improve territorial governance and security and legal certainty about tenure.

The tool aims to support players who seek to help strengthen land administration or good governance practices as regards land ownership and other associated natural resources. Its contents additionally allow recognition of matters concerning the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (VGGT) (DVGT) and the Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF).

 (See module 1 for more information about how this tool incorporates these evaluation frameworks).