Damage and losses caused by rodents are well documented. Diseases transmitted by rodents to man are often widespread, and in some cases still lead to epidemics. In post-harvest systems financial losses caused by rodent pests are particularly high, because crops have attained their highest value. Damage to structures including floors, containers and even machinery are also very expensive. The situation in the post-harvest sector is particularly annoying, as the know-how needed to economically manage rodent pest populations is available. But rodent pest management is rarely practised by farmers, storekeepers and those in the food sector and it is seldom included in extension advisory services. This leaflet is aimed at trainers of extension staff, people responsible for managing and maintaining small- to medium-sized food stores and at the food processing sector. The aim is to convince readers that it is simple and economical to manage rodent populations and that principles of rodent pest management should be included in professional activities. The leaflet provides a general overview for rural and urban areas and small- and medium-sized stores. The principles described here apply to the post-harvest situation only, although some aspects also apply to the field situation. The information provided is based on the experience gained in rodent projects assisted by the GTZ during the last three decades.