Mountain biodiversity
Mountains loom large in some of the world’s most spectacular landscapes. Their unique topography, compressed climatic zones and isolation have created the conditions for a wide spectrum of life forms.
Half of the world’s biodiversity hotspots are concentrated in mountains and mountains support approximately one-quarter of terrestrial biological diversity. Mountains are home to rare species of plants and animals. These include increasingly rare animals such as gorillas, mountain lions, and the majestic tahr or strikingly beautiful plants such as orchids and lobelias.
A large portion of the world's most precious gene pools (for agriculture and medicine) are preserved in mountains. Crops that are important for food security, such as maize, potatoes, barley, sorghum, tomatoes and apples, have been diversified in mountains and an array of domestic animals - sheep, goats, yaks, llamas and alpacas - have originated or been diversified in mountains. Other crops, such as wheat, rye, rice, oats and grapes, have found new homes in the mountains and evolved into many varieties. Coffee and tea, with their roots in Ethiopia and the Himalayan region, are mountain crops as well. Medicinal plants are one of the most valuable resources from high altitudes. This rich biodiversity holds cultural, ecological and economic value. In the Andes, for example, farmers know of as many as 200 different varieties of Indigenous Peoples' potatoes and, in Nepal, they farm approximately 2 000 varieties of rice.
Climate change, poverty, commercial mining, logging and poaching all exact a heavy toll on mountain biodiversity. The sustainable management of mountain biodiversity has increasingly been recognized as a global priority. The Convention on Biological Diversity adopted a Programme of Work on Mountain Biological Diversity in 2004, which includes a set of actions and targets addressing characteristics and problems that are specific to mountain ecosystems.
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2nd International Conference on ''Mountains: Biodiversity, Landscapes and Cultures''eventThe International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (UIAA) and Western Caspian University are organizing the 2nd International Conference on “Mountains: Cultures, Landscapes & Biodiversity" in Baku, Azerbaijan at Western Caspian University on 5-6 November 2024. The conference's main topics will be:
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UN Biodiversity Conference 2024 (CBD COP 16)eventThe UN Biodiversity Conference 2024 will be held in Colombia from 21 October to 1 November 2024. The conference will encompass the Sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP 16), the Eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties serving as...
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World Food Forum side event: Elevating Agriculture: Youth Innovation in Mountain Agrifood SystemseventThe Mountain Youth Hub is organizing the World Food Forum side event "Elevating Agriculture: Youth Innovation in Mountain Agrifood Systems". The event aims to highlight the creative solutions and projects initiated by mountain youth that contribute to sustainable agrifood practices in the unique environment of the mountains. The event...
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Recent updates from Adaptation at Altitude: key insights for mountain stakeholdersnewsThe Adaptation at Altitude programme has recently released a series of briefs and articles containing relevant insights for members of the Mountain Partnership and other mountain stakeholders. These publications delve into pressing issues related to climate change, sustainable land management and conservation, offering insights and practical strategies for adaptation. Leave no...
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Mountain Partnership Secretariat: Annual report 2023publicationThe Mountain Partnership is the United Nations alliance dedicated to mountain peoples and environments. The Secretariat of the Mountain Partnership is hosted by FAO. The 2023 Annual Report of the Mountain Partnership Secretariat (MPS) outlines the MPS' key achievements throughout the year, including supporting the observance of the Five Years... Download » |
Apply for "GROW - Agrobiodiversity in a Changing Climate" 2024peak to peakThe August 2024 issue of Peak to Peak calls for applications to the online training programme GROW - Agrobiodiversity in a Changing Climate, held from 12 to 22 November. Top news stories cover the 2024 IPROMO course, the Pre-COFO event spotlighting young mountain foresters, the mountain peak in Kyrgyzstan named... Download » |
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