SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging virus currently causing a large epidemic of COVID-19. Countries have asked FAO to provide guidance on how to investigate the potential animal sources(s) of the virus. This summary provides a shorter version of the original paper on rapid qualitative risk assessment for SARS-CoV-2 spillover at animal-human interface, and highlights the key knowledge gaps and recommendations.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO)
Topic: Services environnementaux, Services sociaux
Language: English
Type of document: Politiques et législation
Geographical coverage: Global
Dans de nombreux pays, le pastoralisme a toujours été pratiqué dans des zones qui sont aujourd’hui cloisonnées par des frontières internationales. Cela est un obstacle majeur à la gestion durable des ressources et au développement pastoral. Cependant, il existe des exemples dans le monde entier d'efforts visant à faciliter les mouvements transfrontaliers et la gestion des écosystèmes transfrontaliers par les pasteurs. Ce rapport examine comment la mobilité pastorale a été affectée par la création de frontières artificielles au sein des terres des pasteurs et comment les sociétés font face à ces contraintes par des arrangements légaux ou informels.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO), Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (IUCN)
Topic: Conflit, Régime foncier, Résilience
Language: Français
Type of document: Technique
Geographical coverage: Global
South American Camelids (SACs) make several material and non-material contributions to people and are a key component of the Andean biocultural heritage. In this paper, we present three case studies (chakus for vicuña management, llama caravans, and llama nanobodies) to bring attention to the essential role of vicuñas and llamas for Andean communities today, their intercultural linkages with the Western world, and telecoupling interactions.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Auteurs individuels
Topic: Services environnementaux, Participation
Language: English
Type of document: Scientifique
Geographical coverage: Amérique Latine
Accurate and reliable knowledge about the economics of pastoralism is yet to be understood and absorbed at the local, regional and national levels, based on reliable data. With Argentina, Chad and Mongolia as pilot cases, this study by CIRAD, commissioned by FAO, funded by IFAD and facilitated by pastoralist associations (Fundación Gran Chaco, Réseau Billital Maroobé, and the National Federation of Pasture User Groups), aimed to fulfil this knowledge gap through a multifunctional assessment of pastoral production systems and their economic contribution. Importantly, incorporating self-consumption of pastoralist households’ productions themselves as an key component of gross revenue shows a significant increase in their contribution to national GDPs. The diversified sources of revenue and the importance of self-consumption also indicate that pastoral systems fulfil a range of functions (income, food security, flexible labor, etc.).
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO), Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)
Topic: Économie
Language: English
Type of document: Technique
Geographical coverage: Amérique Latine, Afrique occidentale, Asie centrale
Capitalising on sustainable livestock management to ramp down deforestation in dryland forest region
Traditionally, dryland forests and trees in pastoral landscapes have played a critical role in coping with climate variability, particularly in terms of food security and nutrition for local communities. However, traditional and formal tenure rights for trees in agricultural landscapes or the use of nearby forests may differ and vary to a high degree. Tenure may include traditional collection of various fruits and other NTFPs, but more seldom include the use of timber or even the selling of charcoal. The latter hinders efforts to transform land-use systems to give local communities rights and power to manage their natural resources.
What are the examples of successfully securing right in the dryland forest region? Are there any inconsistences between legal and local recognitions of right for different land user in dryland forest? What options are available there for reconciling the different view and improve the integrated management of forest and livestock?
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO)
Topic: Services environnementaux, Innovation, Régime foncier
Language: English
Type of document: Vidéos
Geographical coverage: Global
This document explores the gender dimensions of cultural practices in the Dehesa region of Spain. Specifically, the report examines the roles, responsibilities, constraints, and opportunities for women pastoralists and women involved in the wool industry.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (IUCN)
Topic: Services environnementaux
Language: English
Type of document: Technique
Geographical coverage: Europe
Ce rapport répond à des préoccupations croissantes quant à la hausse des conflits entre éleveurs et agriculteurs sur une vaste étendue de l’Afrique semi-aride. Nous y examinons les données quantitatives qui sous-tendent ce constat général et passons en revue les explications avancées dans la littérature scientifique tout en tenant compte de l’héritage problématique que représentent les connaissances produites jusqu’à présent sur le pastoralisme en milieu semi-aride africain.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Institut international pour l'environnement et le développement (IIED)
Topic: Conflit
Language: Français
Type of document: Technique
Geographical coverage: Afrique occidentale, Afrique centrale, Afrique orientale
Despite the prevailing public narrative that transhumance is a fading practice in rural Spain this paper documents an example of revitalization of transhumance. This study documents that the primary reason for maintaining or taking up transhumance is its relative profitability compared to semi-extensive livestock husbandry. Collecting primary data on the costs and revenues associated with three types of operations (transhumance on foot, transhumance on truck and semi extensive production) the study compared these three operation types. The analysis demonstrates that under most scenarios, transhumance on foot is the most profitable production system and both transhumance systems outperform semi-extensive systems.
Year of publication: 2020Organization: Auteurs individuels
Topic: Économie
Language: English
Type of document: Technique
Geographical coverage: Europe