Unleashing the potential of millets: Background paper for the International Year of Millets 2023

In view of the complex challenges our world faces, from rising hunger and malnutrition to the impacts of the climate crisis, millets emerge as a transformative force for sustainable, resilient and diversified agrifood systems. Capable of withstanding heat, drought and requiring minimal fertilizers and pesticides, these ancient, diverse crops are deeply ingrained in various cultures and have the potential to strengthen food and nutritional security.

Recognizing the importance of millets, the United Nations General Assembly declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets (IYM), aligning the objectives with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. As the lead agency facilitating the observance of the IYM 2023, the FAO has published a comprehensive summary compiling vital information on the rich heritage, nature and benefits of millets: "Unleashing the Potential of Millets - International Year of Millets Background Paper."

The background paper delves into the critical aspects of millets, highlighting their climate resilience, capacity to diversify cropping systems, contribution to healthy diets, untapped potential for innovation through processing and food technologies, creative partnerships and market opportunities to create profound impact on farmers and Indigenous Peoples globally.

 Their short growing season and adaptability enable millets to be grown in rotation with other crops, improving soil health and boosting productivity, thereby contributing to diversified and hence resilient cropping systems.

Packed with carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, protein, antioxidants and vitamins, millets can contribute to healthy diets. Beyond their beneficial nutritional properties, millets present opportunities to diversify food systems, generating income while safeguarding the environment.

 Despite challenges like funding in research and a decline in their consumption, millets represent a unique opportunity to place family farmers, women, and Indigenous communities at the centre of the conversation about the future of agriculture, especially in drylands where the majority of the world's most vulnerable populations reside.

The IYM 2023 is a call to action – shedding light on these underutilized crops, amplifying their benefits, and creating innovative market opportunities. FAO invites all stakeholders to engage in discussions and advance joint efforts, recognizing the crucial role of millets for better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life for all.

To find out more about the rich heritage and potential of millets, access the full background paper in English here.