全球的食物权

  加 纳

The Constitution of the Republic of Ghana does not explicitly guarantee the right to adequate food. 

The Republic of Ghana has become a State party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 2000 by way of ratification. It has signed the Optional Protocol (OP-ICESCR) in 2009, but has not ratified it yet.

CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD

National status of international obligations

Article 40: "INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. In its dealings with other nations, the Government shall— (a) promote and protect the interests of Ghana; (b) seek the establishment of a just and equitable international economic and social order; (c) promote respect for international law, treaty obligations and the settlement of international disputes by peaceful means; (d) adhere to the principles enshrined in or as the case may be, the aims and ideals of— (i) the Charter of the United Nations; (ii) the Charter of the Organization of African Unity; (iii) the Commonwealth; (iv) the Treaty of the Economic Community of West African States; and (v) any other international organization of which Ghana is a member." 

Article 73: "INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. The Government of Ghana shall conduct its international affairs in consonance with the accepted principles of public international law and diplomacy in a manner consistent with the national interest of Ghana.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 28: "(a) every child has the right to the same measure of special care, assistance and maintenance as is necessary for its development from its natural parents, except where those parents have effectively surrendered their rights and responsibilities in respect of the child in accordance with law;”

Article 36: Economic objectives.

(1) The State shall take all necessary action to ensure that the national economy is managed in such a manner as to maximize the rate of economic development and to secure the maximum welfare, freedom and happiness of every person in Ghana and to provide adequate means of livelihood and suitable employment and public assistance to the needy.
(10) The State shall safeguard the health, safety and welfare of all persons in employment.”

Article 37: 
(2)(b) The State shall enact appropriate laws to ensure the protection and promotion of all other basic human rights and freedoms, including the rights of the disabled, the aged, children and other vulnerable groups in development processes.
(3) In the discharge of the obligations stated in clause (2) of this article, the State shall be guided by international human rights instruments which recognize and apply particular categories of basic human rights to development processes.”

INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966

Status: Ratification (2000)

Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

Status: Ratification (1986)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1989

Status: Ratification (1990)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) – 2006

Status: Ratification (2012)

承认足够食物权的立法和政策

粮农组织理事会通过的并得到世界粮食安全委员会认可的《食物权准则》提供了关于如何在国家粮食安全背景下逐步实现充足食物权的指南。

考虑到可以通过各种法律和政策行动来实现获得充足食物的人权,我们邀请您访问 FAOLEX国家概况数据库, 其中收集了已经在国家一级采取的各种措施。您可能会发现一些文件是与某些相关准则相关的法规和政策,例如与获取资源和资产的准则(准则8)相关的措施,与食品安全和消费者保护准则(准则9)相关的措施,与对弱势群体的支持(准则13)相关的措施,以及与自然灾害和人为灾难(准则16)相关的措施。

分享本页内容