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In 2020, 155 million people in 55 countries/regions were in crisis or worse – an increase of about 20 million people from 2019. In addition, children around the world are negatively affected by worsening education opportunities and the socioeconomic impacts of measures to stop the transmission of the coronavirus disease...

Child labour undermines efforts to eradicate hunger, malnutrition and poverty for present and future generations. According to the latest estimates, at the beginning of 2020 there were 160 million children involved in child labour globally, corresponding to almost one in ten of all children worldwide. Of this total, 70 percent...

Livestock farming often takes place in remote rural areas where farmers and their families have limited access to infrastructure and basic social services, notably education, health, access to clean water and social protection. Moreover, farming practices are under pressure by, for example, climate change induced changes to weather patterns and...

The global aquatic food industry, long under scrutiny over environmental sustainability concerns, has also come under increased scrutiny within the past decade over poor working conditions and severe human rights violations, including widespread use of forced labour and child labour. However, there is limited research and documentation available on child...

This publication was developed by the Maastricht Graduate School of Governance (UNU-Merit) in partnership with FAO. The policy paper is conceived as a framing paper, which conceptualizes the relationship between social protection, migration, and rural development, and strengthens these synergies for FAO’s programming.  The relationship between social protection, migration, and rural...