06/06/2024

Following the Global Conference on Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization that recognized the need for enhanced collaboration with the private sector, FAO and the European Agricultural Machinery Industry Association (CEMA) hosted a hybrid event on 4 June 2024 to explore the current status of farm power supply in different regions of the world as well as future scenarios for both developing and developed countries. The meeting brought together around 75 participants. 

Opening the webinar, Yasmi Yurdi, Special Coordinator of the Plant Production and Protection Division at FAO, explained that agricultural systems around the world rely heavily on fossil fuels, contributing to climate change. The routine adoption of renewable energy solutions, such as solar, wind and bioenergy, for the operation of farm machinery offers multifaceted benefits, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting farmers from the volatility of energy markets and enhancing productivity and resilience. This shift presents a unique opportunity for farmers in developing countries, where per capita use of machinery remains limited, to bypass fossil fuel reliance altogether and embrace sustainable agriculture powered by renewables.

Speakers shared their perspectives on how farms worldwide can transition to more sustainable and efficient energy sources. Ivo Hostens, Technical Director at CEMA, and Jelte Wiersma, Secretary General at CEMA, highlighted the potential of biomass fuels for lowering the carbon footprint of agricultural production. This renewable energy source would reduce CO2 emissions and offer opportunities for farm diversification. However, low availability and high demand, affordability, storage, competition with food production, long-term availability and legislation remain challenges to the wide use of these fuels. Viewing biomass fuels as a valuable fuel option beyond 2030, CEMA calls for paving the way ahead.

Gilles Mayer, Director of Public Affairs, Marketing & International Development at Bennamann/CNH Renewable Energy, presented an innovative approach of capturing and repurposing fugitive methane emissions from farm biowaste, particularly livestock manure slurry. The resulting biomethane can be used for various purposes including vehicle fuel and electricity generation, while the byproducts serve as natural fertilizers. The system not only promotes energy independence and reduces costs for farms but also introduces carbon-negative solutions. With the right technology, he said, even livestock emissions can become part of the solution to climate change.

Josef Kienzle, Agricultural Engineer at FAO, explained that farmers in Africa often rely heavily on fossil fuels for essential farm operations. Low utilization of engine power as well as fuel affordability, accessibility and supply challenges hinder agricultural productivity, particularly in remote areas with restricted availability. In view of these challenges, Kienzle highlighted Africa's abundant renewable energy potential in solar, wind, and hydropower. Strategic investment in this infrastructure is vital for sustainable agriculture, unlocking the continent's agricultural potential, enhancing food security, and improving livelihoods. Integrating renewable energy solutions with mechanization is key for inclusive growth and sustainable development across Africa.

The event's moderator Mayling Flores Rojas, Agricultural Engineer at FAO, facilitated a discussion between the audience and the speakers. Among the key points raised were the challenges of competition for the use of biomass in Africa and the complexities of methane capture in open-air environments. Participants also addressed the need for bridging the gap between the global North and South in accessing agricultural practices, advocating for partnerships and technology leapfrogging. The importance of scaling down technology to suit smaller operations and navigating land tenure complexities in Africa were emphasized. Additionally, there was a strong emphasis on the importance of supportive policies and cooperation between stakeholders for sustainable agricultural development.

In closing, Josef Kienzle highlighted the need for a twin-track approach, focusing on promoting sustainable mechanization in Africa while giving the private sector the space it needs to prosper and build inclusive supply chains. While the private sector largely focuses on large-scale mechanization, Kienzle emphasized that developing and promoting smaller, more affordable machinery is crucial for empowering these vital contributors to Africa's agricultural sector. Finally, he underscored the importance of considering local contexts and finding sustainable solutions tailored to the specific needs and conditions of each area.

The event recording is available here.