EGM on SDG 2: Simon Barquera Cervera Statement, Session 8

Simon Barquera Cervera

Director of the Centre of Research in Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico

Session 8: People

Are there examples of policies or investments which help to combine the objectives of SDG2 with other SDGs, and in turn, address inequalities?

In the National Institute of Public Health in Mexico, we have worked for the past 25 years to design and implement strategies to reduce malnutrition in all of its forms.

For 20 years, a multisectoral program (called by different names, including Progresa/Prospera/Oportunidades) delivered targeted nutrition support, micronutrient supplementation, and scholarships to low-income children from rural areas. The scholarships were higher for female children and the funds were given to their mothers. Evaluations of the program documented reductions in undernutrition, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies. At the same time, it created an incentive to keep girls in school, while empowering women. This is a strong example of a policy that helps advance various sustainable development goals, such as those related to eliminating hunger, reducing inequalities, promoting education, and achieving gender equality.

In 2013, we approved one of the first specific soda and junk food taxes in the world. After evaluations showed its effectiveness, it was followed by similar taxes in over 55 countries. The tax was successful in reducing consumption of sugary beverages and junk food, with the greatest reductions among people with low income. These taxes help disincentivize the purchase of ultra-processed products, which contributes to both human and planetary health.

In the year 2020, we approved front-of-pack warning labels for packaged foods and beverages, following the example from Chile. Warning labels are easy to understand, regardless of age, education level, or nutrition knowledge. They are used by over 60% of the population, helping consumers identify products with high levels of critical ingredients and make healthier choices. The same regulation bans the use of cartoon characters on products with labels, primarily soda and junk food. This policy helps reduce consumption of ultra-processed foods which combats malnutrition, while promoting sustainable consumption and action on climate change.

Lastly, this year, we implemented important food policies in our country. First, a general education law that bans soda and junk food inside and around schools, making the authorities responsible for violations. Second, a general food law which makes the Ministry of Health responsible for the quality of products available in schools, protects breastfeeding practices, and limits marketing of junk food. The law also creates an intersectoral coordinating agency to facilitate the implementation of these strategies. And third, a ban on genetically modified corn for human consumption and a phase-out of glyphosate. This is being contested by diverse countries at the World Trade Organization, but will help local producers and help protect native species. All these policies represent double and triple duty actions to address the syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change.