Author ​Caldwell, B., Gichuru, T., Boscolo, M., Vesa, L., Zapata, J., Grouwels, S., Bull, L. & Campbell, J

Year of publication 2021

Smallholder farmers are commonly thought of as farmers who manage two hectares of land or less. By some estimates they represent approximately a quarter of the world’s population, and manage half of the world’s arable land; they generate billions of dollars in forest and timber products. Collectively, smallholders have the transformative potential to achieve sustainable development and respond to climate change at landscape scales. In order to achieve this collective action, smallholders can and do organize themselves into organizations such as associations and cooperatives, i.e. forest and farm producer organizations (FFPOs). Empowering forest and farm producer organizations will be critical to delivering on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for mitigating climate change as part of the Paris Agreement.