Our planet is facing important challenges in the context of climate change and population growth that question its capacity to feed people in the future. For this reason, it is key to transform or enhance food systems at global and local levels, so as to ensure the multidimensional goal of sustainability. In this perspective, one of the key recommendations of the Second International Conference on Nutrition ICN2 (November 2014) towards sustainable food systems for healthy diets, is to strengthen local food production and distribution, especially by supporting smallholders and family farmers. The purpose of this study is to explore whether and how products from agroecological production systems are being valued in local markets. The study is based on a meta-analysis of 12 case studies (Benin, the Plurinational State of Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Ecuador, France, Kazakhstan, Mozambique, Namibia, Uganda), mainly from developing and emerging countries and one developed country. The publication provides a unique approach to understanding how markets are constructed for agroecological products, while at the same time supporting small-scale actors in their existing initiatives for producing and marketing their products from agroecology, in order to contribute to more sustainable food systems.