This report focuses on improvement of the efficiency of wood-to-charcoal conversion and complementary feedstock supply enhancement measures in traditional rural environments with case studies on improved charcoal production in four countries - Senegal, Rwanda, Jamaica, Ghana.

A major conclusion is that efficiency improvements could be achieved, but that technical intervention alone is insufficient. As the locations of wood feedstock and kiln sites are highly scattered, the efforts of introducing efficient but stationary charcoal production technologies, such as brick kilns, have experienced major difficulties. So, it is important to also deal with measures in supply enhancement, demand management, and substitution.