This paper presented case studies of five countries that have engaged in comprehensive refugee response plans – Ethiopia, Jordan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. These studies help identify enablers and impediments in projects to deliver clean energy to refugees and host communities.

One of the study findings is that in the area of humanitarian energy, sustainable clean cooking projects have proved among the hardest to execute, deliver and scale. While the humanitarian community has been working on this issue longer than on any other energy problem, addressing it in an economically sustainable manner is complex and fraught with pitfalls.