Methods, standards and classifications

In response to a growing demand for high-quality and internationally-comparable statistics, FAO develops, implements and promotes methods and standards to guide national data producers in generating and using sound statistics. In particular, the Organization is committed to provide national statistical systems with internationally recognized definitions, concepts and classifications as well as methodological guidance for the production of high quality statistics related to food and agriculture.

Methods

Methods

FAO develops methods to guide national data producers in generating and using sound statistics. The FAO Statistics Resource Repository presents statistics-oriented research on topics related to FAO's mandate. It provides guidelines, handbooks, working papers and training materials for statisticians, researchers and academics.


 

Corporate Standards

Data and Statistical Standard Series

The FAO Data and Statistical Standard Series covers topical issues for data and statistics and provides statisticians with the guidance needed to ensure that timely and high-quality data and statistics are produced and disseminated.


 

Classifications

Caliper - Statistical Classifications

Consult Caliper, an FAO tool for the dissemination of statistical classifications, and browse, search, download and query classifications and correspondences.

 

List of classifications relevant to FAO's mandate

FAO maintains information on the main classifications owned by the Organization, the UN Statistical Division and other international organizations that are relevant to its mandate.

Natural Resources

General Information

Status

Operational

Website

https://www.fao.org/3/a-i4913e.pdf

Custodian

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Year Adopted

2015

Availability

ArabicChineseEnglishFrenchRussian and Spanish

Purpose of the Classification

Statistical Domain

Land use statistics

Purpose

To classify land use types.

Main Applications

Agricultural statistics and agricultural censuses.

Main Users

Ministries of Agriculture and National Statistical Offices carrying out agricultural censuses

Methodology

Concept Being Classified

Land use

Relationship to Other International Classifications

This classification focuses on how land/area are used within the agricultural holding. The WCA classification of land use contains nine basic land use classes, LU1 to LU9; six of the basic land use classes can be grouped into four aggregate classes: the nine basic classes are less detailed than in the SEEA, the WCA LU aggregates are ad hoc classes, not provided in the SEEA.

Notes: LU1 (in WCA) includes greenhouses and land in family gardens while 1.1.1 (in SEEA) does not. LU4 includes greenhouses and land in family gardens while 1.1.4 does not. 1.1.6 (in SEEA) includes greenhouses and land in family gardens while LU6 in WCA) does not.

Classification Structure

Level

Level Name

Code Format

Number of Items

Level 1

Basic class

LUO

9 items

Revision Information

Chronology of revisions/versions of the classification:

Website:
https://www.fao.org/world-census-agriculture/wcarounds/wca2020/en/

Official Adopting Entity:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Coordinating Entity:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Next Review:
2025

Reason for Latest Revision:
The revision took place as part of the WCA periodical review; the aim was to harmonize with the SEEA Land Use Classification.

Major Changes:
Increased number of classes (from seven to nine), better alignment to the SEEA LUC that resulted in the following changes: (1) two categories: “land under farm buildings and farmyards” and “area used for aquaculture” have been detached from the category “other land”. “Area used for aquaculture” may also include inland and coastal waters if they are part of the holding. (2 The concept of “land used for agriculture” has been introduced in order to match the category “agriculture” of the SEEA Land Use Classification. It represents the total of “agricultural land” and “land under farm buildings and farmyards”. (3) A minimum size threshold of 0.5 hectares (ha) has been introduced for the “forest land” and “other wooded land”. The differences between WCA 2020 and WCA 2010 LUC are clearly specified in WCA 2020, paragraph 8.2.14.

Contact Information

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Statistics Division (ESS)
Contact Name:
Jairo Castano
Email:
[email protected]
Telephone:
+39 06 570-55166
Address:
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 1
00153 Rome, Italy

General Information

Status

Operational

Website

https://seea.un.org/content/seea-central-framework

Custodian

United Nations Statistics Division

Year Adopted

2012

Year Published

2012

Availability

ArabicChineseEnglishFrenchPortugueseRussian and Spanish

Purpose of the Classification

Statistical Domain

Environment; land cover statistics

Purpose

The purpose of the classification is to provide categories for the observed physical and biological cover of the Earth's surface, including natural vegetation and abiotic (non-living) surfaces. It allows for the standardization and harmonization across statistical data sets, a classification of land cover based on the FAO Land Cover Classification System comprised of 14 classes has been established.

Main Applications

Environmental economic accounts

Main Users

Environmental economic accounts compilers and users: international organizations, governments, ministries of environment as well as other economic and environmental bodies in the public and private sectors, as e.g. analysts and forecasters.

Methodology

Concept Being Classified

Land cover

Classification Structure

Level

Level Name

Code Format

Number of Items

Level 1

Basic category

00

14 items

Revision Information

Chronology of revisions/versions of the classification:
SEEA-2003
SEEA-1993

Website:
https://seea.un.org/content/seea-central-framework

Official Adopting Entity:
United Nations Statistical Commission Coordinating

Entity:
United Nations Committee of Experts on Environmental-Economic Accounting (UNCEEA)

Next Review:
N/A

Reason for Latest Revision:
Update of the SEEA central framework.

Major Changes:
Interim classifications for land cover have been developed.

Contact Information

United Nations Statistics Division
Economic Statistics Branch
Environmental-Economic Accounts Section
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
https://seea.un.org/
Address:
United Nations
New York, NY 10017

General Information

Status

Operational

Website

https://seea.un.org/content/seea-central-framework

Custodian

United Nations Statistics Division

Year Adopted

2012

Year Published

2012

Availability

ArabicChineseEnglishFrenchPortugueseRussian and Spanish

Purpose of the Classification

Statistical Domain

Environment; land cover statistics

Purpose

Land use reflects both (a) the activities undertaken and (b) the institutional arrangements put in place for a given area for the purposes of economic production, or the maintenance and restoration of environmental functions.

Main Applications

Environmental economic accounts

Main Users

Environmental economic accounts compilers and users: international organizations, governments, ministries of environment as well as other economic and environmental bodies in the public and private sectors, as e.g. analysts and forecasters.

Methodology

Concept Being Classified

Land cover

Classification Structure

Level

Level Name

Code Format

Number of Items

Level 1

Primary type of surfaces

0

2 items

Level 2

Category

01

11 items

  

Revision Information

Chronology of revisions/versions of the classification:
SEEA-2003
SEEA-1993

Website:
https://seea.un.org/content/seea-central-framework

Official Adopting Entity:
United Nations Statistical Commission

Coordinating Entity:
United Nations Committee of Experts on Environmental-Economic Accounting (UNCEEA)

Next Review:
N/A

Reason for Latest Revision:
Update of the SEEA central framework.

Major Changes:
Interim classifications for land use have been developed

Contact Information

United Nations Statistics Division
Environmental-Economic Accounts Section
Email:
[email protected]
Website:
https://seea.un.org/
Address:
United Nations
New York, NY 10017