ANNEX 4 (contd.)

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

Project of the Government of the
People's Republic of Mozambique

PROJECT DOCUMENT

PART I     LEGAL CONTEXT

This Project Document shall be the instrument referred to as such in Article I, paragraph 1, of the Assistance Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of Mozambique and the United Nations Development Programme, signed by the Parties on 15 September 1976.

The Government Implementing Agency shall, for the purposes of the Standard Basic Agreement, refer to the Government Cooperating Agency described in that Agreement.

PART II     THE PROJECT

A. DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES

This Project is a strategic part of the Government's master plan for fisheries development. The introduction of a tuna fishery, which presently does not exist in the country but seems to represent a substantial potential for development, would be its strategic target.

The most important impact of this Project would be that, through commercial fishing operations aimed at the collection of reliable investment information and fishermen's practical training, it would increase Government's overall capability for deciding and undertaking the planned development of the new fishery.

In a first stage this development would generate greater supply of fish for consumption on the internal market and greater employment opportunities. In a second stage, when it would have reached sufficient size and impetus, this development would promote export of fish products and thus improve the balance of payment.

B. IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVES

Direct effects through which development objectives would be attained by the end of the Project are:

• Practical and reliable information on the status of the tuna resources in Mozambican waters and on the feasibilities of their exploitation through different commercial fishing technologies would be collected and analysed, therefore determining their real potential for economic development;

• Technical and financial needs for this development would be identified and translated into an investment and management programme, thus empowering the Government to decide a planned introduction and growing for the new fishery; furthermore,

• A group of artisanal and semi-industrial fishermen would acquire all practical skills necessary for the continuation of the new fishery, independent of external technical assistance.

C. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

The Project would contribute to the exploitation of marine resources hardly taped by present national fisheries. Consequently, it would not only diversify existing fisheries and thus, in the long run, avoid overexploitation of the traditional resources, but also provoke increased needs for new production factors. This in turn would augment employment opportunities for the youth in rural and urban zones, and accelerate their integration into the economic development process.

The Project which, for training the Mozambican fishermen, would have recourse to a nucleus of tuna fishermen recruited in the semi-industrial tuna fishery of the Cape Verde Islands and the artisanal tuna fishery of the Maldive Islands, would furthermore contribute to the promotion of technical exchange and cooperation between developing countries.

This contribution would be strengthened by the fact that the Project would cooperate with the FAO Project for the Development and Management of Fisheries in the South West Indian Ocean (RAF/79/065), and other international projects and agencies dealing with tuna fisheries in the region.

D. BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION

Background

The existence of apparently important tuna resources in the Mozambican Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ) has been proved in several occasions during the past decades. One of the best evidences of their presence has been given by experimental long lining operations in 1978–1979, and the subsequent granting of licences by the Government of the People's Republic of Mozambique (GOM) to foreign long liners.

These facts, added to the increasing economic importance of tuna all over the world and, also, to its willingness for developing and diversifying its fishery economy, made that the GOM decided to carry out experimental tuna fishing activities on a national basis.

These operations were executed from September 1983 to April 1985 and have been technically supported by the Project FAO/GCP/MOZ/006/SWE : ‘Experimental Tuna Fishing with Pole and Line and Live Bait’ (1).

This Project had essentially experimental and prefeasibility study characters with the main objectives of demonstrating the occurrence of tunas in the national waters, their distribution, seasonality and behaviour, their catch rates and catch composition. As for technical and economic reasons, a technically sophisticated and highly capital intensive tuna purseining fishery was not recommendable in the Mozambican context, this Project operated a chartered pole and line ship. Therefore, main objectives similar to the above mentioned ones applied also to the live bait resources.

(1) This Project, which has been funded by the Government of Sweden, is presently complemented by the Project FAO/TCP/MOZ/5653, under ARPA funding for one year starting in July 1986 and with, among other activities, the continuation of experimental artisanal tuna fishing and experimental live bait stocking, pending the implementation of the Project proposed here.

The Project turned out 302 sea days, of which 261 were spent in fishing operations = 146 for live bait and 115 for tuna production. This effort took place along the entire coast of Mozambique, in inshore coastal waters for live bait and at offshore distances from about 1 to 200 miles for tuna. Its total production was of 336 t , essentially composed of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) 86,5%, and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) 11.9%.

Main observations and conclusions following from this effort and relevant for future activities are (1) :

• Catches occurred throughout the entire area with general average outputs of 1,1 t per sea day and 2,9 t per fishing day;

• The best general average catch per zone, 4,7 t per day for 60 fishing days, was obtained in zone 3, between 22°00'S and 26°00'S, mostly from November to April and throughout all the zone, with the best catches at distances of 100 to 200 miles from the coast however, therefore making this area particularly suitable for semi-industrial fishing with 20 to 25 m boats;

• In the northern zone, about 300 miles long from the border with Tanzania down to 17°10'S, general average catch per zone was much lower, 0,6 t per day for 42 fishing days, however, catches did not show significant seasonal variations and were generally obtained in coastal waters at distances of about 1 to 40 miles from the shore, therefore making the area particularly attractive for artisanal fishing with 8 to 15 m boats;

• Due to various environmental factors, catches of live bait with various technologies were generally irregular and low in all zones, with a general average of 37 kg per fishing day, therefore making live bait production the main present constraint of the fishery and indicating the need for some kind of supply organization through a specific fishery with storage facilities; and

• The totality of the Project tuna landings was sold on the internal market without difficulties. (1)

(1) Source : José D.L. Moreira Rato, Programa de Pesca Experimental de Atum com Vara e Isca Viva, FAO/GCP/MOZ/006/SWE, Field Doc.14, FEB 1986.

(1) Source: Communication of the Instituto de Investigação Pesqueira, Maputo.

In conclusion, the experimental Project proved that tuna resources offered apparently attractive development possibilities through appropriate semi-industrial and artisanal fishing technologies. It also gave indications that tuna potentials could be relatively important and, therefore, could offer prospects not only for supplying an unsatisfied internal demand for this product but also, in the longer run, for trade on the external market.

Indeed, if its general average tuna catch of 2,9 t per fishing day was a very encouraging result, it can be assumed furthermore that this output could have been substantially higher in strictly commercial operations, with concentration of the fishing effort in the most productive areas, i.e. without the widespread exploratory tasks particular to any experimental Project. In reality, results could be even better in the context of a fully grown commercial fishery, with an important and steady flow of fishing information among the fleet and a well organized live bait supply.

Justification

Mozambique confronts imperative needs to solve rapidly serious shortage of food for its population, to integrate this population, mainly the youth, to the productive process, and to drastically increase and diversify its exports.

The experimental Project FAO/GCP/MOZ/006/SWE has clearly demonstrated that the national tuna resources, which are seldom exploited by present fisheries in the country, would seem to offer good development opportunities which, through the application of appropriate fishing technologies, could effectively participate to the solution of these problems.

Present urgent food, social and economic needs, and the apparent strong capacity of a tuna fishery to participate to their fulfilling, constitute therefore the primary justification for pursuing the development process successfully triggered by the experimental Project.

Secondary justifications reside in the fact that freezing and cold storage capacities are still available in the principal fishing ports of the country, and that the installation in Beira of a canning factory by the EEC, with a processing capacity of about 3.000 t/year, is nearly completed. (1)

The continuation of the experimental Project consists in the development of a new tuna fishery of sufficient size, with semi-industrial and artisanal technologies. (2)

This development, however, will require relatively considerable investments in terms of equipment, training and research. Such investments cannot be safely engaged without a full and concrete knowledge of the technical, financial and economic feasibilities of the new fishery. On the other hand, no realistic investment programme can be planned without fishery management measures, which entail sufficient knowledge about the potential production of the target resources.

In spite of its high value, the information produced by the experimental Project, for the very reason of its concept and objectives, and also for its brevity, is insufficient for those purposes. Therefore, the need arises for a feasibility pilot project carrying out intensive commercial production fishing operations and producing the following outputs.

(1) Tuna could constitute an alternative supply of raw material for this factory
(2) For the reasons stated above, a tuna purseining fishery is not considered here.

E. OUTPUTS

The outputs to be produced by this Project are as follows:

Feasibilities and Potentials for the Development

• A total commercial fishing effort (steaming, fishing, heaving to, drifting, etc.) of about 1500 sea days, by the four Project boats, i.e. approximately 375 sea days for each one of them, the semi-industrial tuna boat (SITB), the artisanal tuna boat (ATB) and the two live bait boats (LBB);

• A production in the vicinity of 700 to 1100 t of tuna and 30 to 40 t of live bait. (1)

• Effort-catch and cost-profit documentation with 16 subsequent technical and financial feasibility analysis for the following activities;

  1. Fishing with pole and line with and without fishing aggregating devices (FADs) for the SITB.

  2. Fishing with pole and line, gillnets, long lines, trolling lines with and without FADs for the ATB.

  3. Fishing with purseine, encircling net and lift net with and without light attraction for the LBBs.

  4. Storing live bait in floating cages.

• Technical documentation on each one for the above mentioned technologies.

• Fishing logs and charts and biological documentation obtained at sea, with subsequent scientific analysis of the tuna and live bait resources, and an estimation of their yearly potential for production.

(1) Based on the results of the experimental project for the SITB, on the assumption that fishermen training will impede production during the first trips, that the ATB will have a catch of 80 to 100 t, and on the facts that supply of live bait will be provided by the two LBBs, and that entire fishing effort will be strictly commercial.

Investment and Management Programme

• A study of existing and future demand of tuna products on the internal and external markets.

• An economic feasibility study of the new fishery.

• An investment and management programme, based on the above mentioned studies with identification of technical and financial needs for the tuna fishery development in terms of boats building and repair, fishing gear port, freezing, cold storage, processing and distribution capacities, trainning, research and monitoring,

Training

About 8 skippers, 4 engineers and 30 fishermen trained in all the practical skills needed by semi-industrial and artisanal tuna fishing, live bait fishing and live bait storing.

F. ACTIVITIES

The project will be based in Maputo. Its zone of action will cover the entire Mozambican EEZ. After a preparatory phase of about one year for project final preparation, expatriate experts recruitment and equipment acquisition by the executing agency, and for project local personnel recruitment and boats preparation by the GOM, the project will enter into a 2 years execution phase with the following activities, (see time table in Annex 1).

Commercial Tuna Fishing

These activities will be carried out with the SITB based in a fishery complex (Combinado Pesqueiro) in Maputo and operating in all national waters, and with the ATB based in a fishery complex in Pemba, and operating at maximum distance of about 60 miles from the shore and along the coast between the border with Tanzania and 16⁰ 00 S approximately. Logistical support to the boats will be given by the fishery complexes, which will also provide radio communication with the project office in Maputo.

The SITB will be under command of a high level expatriate masterfisherman, who will also act as a technical supervisor for the rest of the project fleet. This expert will be assisted by a local mate and three capverdian specialist fishermen.

The ATB will be under command of an expatriate Maldivian Master Fisherman assisted by a specialist fisherman of the same country, he will also be assisted by a local mate.

Fishing technologies applied by the tuna fleet will be, for the SITB: pole and line with live bait, with and without FADs and, for the ATB = pole and line, gillnets, long lines, trolling lines, with and without FADs.

Each masterfisherman will turn out about 375 days at sea in comercial production tuna fishing operations, with the main objective of obtaining the best possible catch and financial productivity. They will record all their activities in detailed fishing logs with special emphasis on efforts and catches.

Commercial Production of Live Bait

Live bait fishing will be carried out by LBBs based in the same fishery complexes as the tuna boats, and will operate in their vicinity. Each one of them will be under command of an expatriate masterfisherman assisted by a local mate.

Technologies applied by the live bait fleet will concern bait catching and bait stocking. Bait fishing will be carried out with purseine, encircling net and lift net, with and without light attraction. Bait stocking will be carried out with floating cages.

Each masterfisherman will turn out about 375 days at sea in commercial production live bait fishing operations. Their main objective and data collection task will be as for the tuna fishery.

Fishermen's Training

The local mates, engineers and fishermen, will be trained on the job, at sea, in the process of the commercial fishing-operations, by direct assimilation of the masterfishermen's and specialist fishermen's skills.

Scientific Works

A local biologist assisted by two samplers will cover the totality of fishing operations with a biologic sampling programme. This specialist will collect also all the other information necessary for a subsequent scientific assessment of the tuna and live bait resources and their annual maximum substainable yield (MSY).

The local biologist will assist as far as possible the works for improving the survival and good quality of the live bait stocked in the floating cages.

In these works, the national staff will be assisted by a senior biologist specialized in fish stock assessment. This expert will visit the Project at the end of the preparatory phase, for the preparation of a data collection programme. During the execution phase, he will also visit the Project at interval for supervising this work, and at the end for supervising the stock assessment.

Production costs and marketing

Technical leadership of the Project will be the responsability of an expatriate senior fishery development expert (FDE), based in Maputo and working in collaboration with the national project manager (NPM). In supplement to this task, this specialist will keep up-to-date all accounting books related to project boats production costs and revenues. He will also collect all relevant information relative to the internal tuna market, cold storage capacities and distribution networks.

Technico-Financial Feasibilities and MSYs

Based on the financial costs and results of the commercial fishing operations, and on the technical reports and advices formulated by the masterfisherman, approximately three months before the end of the Project, the FDE will produce a technical and financial feasibility analysis for each fishing technology applied by the Project and for the live bait stocking activity. In the study related to this activity, he will receive assistance from the local biologist.

Based on the scientific documentation collected about the resources biology, and also on the fishing logs, the ‘Instituto de Investigação Pesqueira’, supported by a high level expatriate specialist, will produce an assessment of the tuna and live bait annual MSY, approximately three months before the end of the Project.

Investment and Management Programme

An investment team will visit the Project for 1,5 month, a short time before its termination. Taking into account the above mentioned analysis, assessment and technical documentation, and in collaboration with the concerned national institutions and all the technical personnel of the Project, this mission will carry out a study of the existing and future demand for tuna products on the internal and external markets, an economic analysis of the fishery and a synthesis of the technico-financial analysis, the whole producing a comprehensive diagnosis of the fishery and assessment of its potential for development.

The mission will then identify technical and financial needs for this development and formulate an investment programme with complementary management and development planning measures, and present it to the GOM for subsequent presentation to potential sources of financing.

G. INPUTS

1. Government Inputs

The Government will provide a National Project Manager (NPM) for a duration of 36 men/month (m/m) including 12 m/m for the preparatory phase.

The NPM will be responsible for the supervision and effective implementation of the overall Project, as well as for all aspects of administration and liaison with the Government. In this task he will be assisted by an administrative officer, a secretary and an accountant.

The GOM will also provide the following personnel:

• 4 fishing skippers, acting as mates of the master fishermen (108 m/m)
• 1 chief biologist (27 m/m)
• 2 samplers (48 m/m)
• 2 engineers for the SITB (54 m/m)
• 50 trainees consisting of skippers, engineers and fishermen (300 m/m)
• 2 ship husbands, one in each fishery complex (54 m/m)
• 4 watchmen, for live bait stocking cages (96 m/m)
• 1 driver (36 m/m)
• 1 administrative officer (36 m/m)
• 1 secretary (36 m/m)
• 1 accountant (36 m/m)

The Government will also provide the following material and logistical inputs for the duration of the Project:

• 1 SITB: 21,5 m, 360 HP.
• 1 ATB: 10 – 12 m, 60 – 80 HP, with a live bait tank and 2 days range.
• 2 LBBs: one 12 – 14 m, 100 – 120 HP, and one, 10 – 12 m, 60 – 80 HP
• Complete logistical support to the Project boats in a fishery complex in Maputo and another in Pemba: ice, water, fuel, food (1), handling and commercialisation of the catches, etc.
• Project boats maintenance and repairs.
• Fuel for land vehicles
• An office in Maputo and one in Pemba

(1) Fuel costs will be covered by the Donor's contribution but its supply will be a Government's responsability. The same will apply for part of food costs.

2. UNDP Inputs

a) Personnel (Qualification and Terms of Reference in Annex II)

1. Senior FDE (27 m/m). In close cooperation with the NPM and other assigned staff of the Secretariat of State for Fisheries, he will be responsible for the planning, advice and participation in the organization and execution of the Project. He will technically coordinate and supervise the work of the other experts and consultants. For the organization and monitoring of the sea-going activities, he will be assisted by the Masterfisherman STIB. He will also be responsible for keeping all accounts related to production costs and revenues of Project boats, for collecting all relevant information relative to the internal tuna market, cold storage and distribution network, and for producing technical and financial feasibility analysis on the different fishing operations of the Project.

2. Masterfisherman STIB (27 m/m). This expert will command the STIB and carry out tuna commercial fishing operations in the entire EEZ. He will be responsible for all operations concerning commercial tuna and live bait fishing, live bait stocking, fishermen's training, fishing logs keeping, and for producing technical documentation on the fishery. He will also act as technical supervisor of the other masterfishermen.

3. Masterfisherman ATB (24 m/m). This expert will command the ATB and will be responsible for conducting tuna commercial fishing operations, with simultaneous fishermen's training, in the northern coastal waters, between the border with Tanzania and 16⁰ 00'S approximately. He will also be responsible for keeping a fishing log.

4. Masterfishermen LBBs (48 m/m). These two experts will command the two LBBs and will be responsible for conducting live bait commercial fishing and stocking operations, with simultaneous fishermen's training. They will also be responsible for keeping fishing logs.

5. Specialist fishermen (96 m/m). Three specialist fishermen recruited in Cabo Verde Islands will assist the masterfisherman onboard the SITB and, more particularly, will train local fishermen. A fourth specialist fisherman, recruited in the Maldive Island, will have the same responsability on the ATB.

6. Consultants (16 m/m). The stock assessment will be supervised by a senior biologist for 6.0 m/m. The investment and development programme will be produced by a team consisting of a senior fishery economist (2 m/m), a marketing specialist (1,5 m/m), a fishery/operation specialist (1,0 m/m), a specialist in ports and portuary equipment, including cold storage (1.0 m/m) and a naval architect (1.0 m/m).

   The remaining 2.5 m/m will be available for unforeseen needs.

7. Equipment and supplies

   The donor will also provide the following equipment and supplies:

   • Fishing gear = poles and lines, trolling lines, long lines, drifting gilnets, encercling gilnets, 4 purseines, material for light FADs and 5 heavy FADs and for live bait floating cages, and other fishing items as required by Project execution.

   • Fishing equipment = hydraulic or mechanic winches for the ATB and two LBBs, 4 echo sounders, 6 radio transmiter-receiver, 2 portable light plants.

   • Vehicles = 2 (4WD)

   • Equipment for scientific works.

Miscellaneous

The donor will also make provision of US$250.000 for the purchase of fuel and food for boats and vehicles, US$50.000 for participation to the maintenance of the Project fleet, and US$15.000 per year for miscellaneous expenses.

H. PREPARATION OF WORK PLAN

During the three months preceeding the execution phase, a detailed work plan for the implementation of the project will be prepared by the FDE in consultation with the NPM. Periodic reviews of the exact work plan, to be agreed by all parties involved, will be undertaken. The agreed upon Work Plan will be attached to the Project Document as Annex III and will be considered as part of that document.

I. PREPARATION OF THE FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE PARTICIPATION OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STAFF IN THE PROJECT

The activities necessary to produce the indicated outputs and achieve the Project's immediate objective will be carried out jointly by the national and international staff assigned to it. The respective roles of the national and international staff will be determined by their leaders, by mutual discussion and agreement, at the beginning of the Project, and set out in a Framework for Effective Participation of National and International Staff in the Project. The Framework, which will be attached to the Project Document as Annex IV, will be reviewed from time to time. The respective roles of the national and international staff shall be in accordance with the established concept and specific purpose of technical cooperation.

J. DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT COMMUNICATION

None.

K. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

The project will operate within the Secretariat of State for Fisheries and through all units pertaining to this institution which could have any relation to its activities.

The coordination of the project activities will be ensured by the National Project Manager who, at the same time, will be adviser of the Secretary of State for Fisheries.

L. PRIOR OBLIGATIONS AND PREREQUISITES

The complete readiness of the four project boats will be a prerequisite prior to arrival of the expatriate personnel in the country.

M. FUTURE UNDP ASSISTANCE

Future UNDP assistance will be considered upon completion of the Project, if necessary, and subject to resources availability.

PART III.     SCHEDULES OF MONITORING, EVALUATION AND REPORTS

A. Tripartite Monitoring Reviewes: technical reviews

The Project will be subject to periodic review in accordance with the policies and procedures established by UNDP for monitoring project and programme implementation.

B. Evaluation

The Project will be subject to evaluation, in accordance with the policies and procedures established for this purpose by UNDP. The organization, terms of reference and timing of evaluation will be decided by consultation between the Government, UNDP and the Executing Agency concerned.

C. Progress and Terminal Reports

Periodic Progress Reports will be submitted by the Project Manager on commercial tuna and live bait fishing, tuna marketing and training, and general support activities in accordance with UNDP policies and procedures.

An Agency report will be prepared and submitted upon completion of the Project in accordance with UNDP policies and procedures.

PROJECT BUDGET COVERING DONOR CONTRIBUTION
(in US Dollars)

PROJECT BUDGET COVERING GOVERNMENT CONTRIBUTION
(in .000 Meticais) *

(1) Value equivalent to project boats charter, bare boat.
(2) Equivalent to salaries of deck hands for 300 m/m
(3) Logistic support in the fishery complexes, excluding fuel costs.

(*) Costings do not cover inflation

TENTATIVE TIME TABLE

ANNEX 2

QUALIFICATION AND TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE
EXPATRIATE PERSONNEL

Terms of Reference:

1. To be the Project team leader and, as such, organize and supervise all project operations in coordination with the NPM who will be his counterpart.

2. To keep detailed accounts relative to project fishing effort, landings, production costs and revenues.

3. To collect information on the internal market for tuna: demand, prices, preferences, distribution networks.

4. To collect information on the situation and future needs of infrastructures related to the tuna fishery: ports, cold storage, freezers and processing plants.

5. To carry out commercial feasibility analysis (financial and technical) of the different fishing operations of the project.

6. To prepare proposals for solving problems and utilizing potentials, to be communicated to the investment mission.

Terms of Reference:

1. To be the captain of the STIB and, therefore, to be fully responsible of the boat and the crew at sea and on shore.

2. To organize and carry out intensive commercial tuna fishing operations in the entire Mozambican EEZ, during at least 375 sea days, with pole and line, with and without FADs.

3. To train on-the-job a national skipper who will be his counterpart.

4. To be technical supervisor of the entire project fleet and, therefore, advise the FDE when necessary.

5. To keep a detailed fishing log and a ship's log.

6. To produce clear cruise reports.

7. To produce technical reports on the fishery.

Terms of Reference:

1. To be captain of the ATB and, therefore, to be fully responsible of the boat and the crew at sea and on shore.

2. To organize and carry out intensive commercial tuna fishing operations in near shore waters (1 to 60 miles) between the border with Tanzania and latitude 16⁰00'S approximately, during at least 375 sea days, with Maldivian fishing techniques.

3. To train on-the-job a national skipper who will be his counterpart.

4. To keep a detailed fishing log and ship's log.

Terms of Reference:

1. To be captain of a LBB and, therefore, to be fully responsible of the boat and her crew at sea and on shore.

2. To organize and carry out intensive commercial live bait fishing in the near shore waters neighbouring the fishing base during approximately 375 sea days and store the catch properly in floating cages or any other means as appropriate.

3. To coordinate these efforts with the needs of the STIB and ATB captains and, therefore, follow their instructions as much as possible.

4. To train on-the-job a national skipper who will be his counterpart.

5. To keep a detailed fishing log, a ship's log and a log on live bait storing.

Terms of Reference :

1. To participate in all fishing activities

2. To assist the Captain at sea and on shore.

3. To train on-the-job the national fishermen.