Appendix VI: Revised Non-climate Variable Observation Requirements

Variables/Indicators related to Freshwater resources

Category/Variables

HOR RES.

Cycle d,m,y

Timeliness d,m,y

Accuracy

Applications other then freshwater resources

Methodology

Type

Priority

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Target

essential=1

in situ = 1

Input

desirable=2

RS = 2

Ancil

optional=3

GIS=3

Meas

Model=4

3. Freshwater resources variables

3.1 Physical

3.1.1 Precipitation accum (solid and liquid)

I, M

1

10 km

1 km

1 d

1 hr

1 d

1 d

0

<+.1mm

1,2,5,6,7,8,10,12

1,2,4

3.1.2 Snow cover area

T, I

1

3 d

1 km

3 d

1 d

10%

2 d

5%

6,8,10,11

2

3.1.3 Snow depth

I

1

Tier 1,2,3+

10 d

1 d

5 d

1 d

1,5,7,12

1,2

3.1.4 Snow water equivalent (SWE)

T

1

25 km%

10 km

3 d

1 d

3 d

2 d

20%

5%

1.2.5.6.7.8.10

1,2,4

3.1.5 Glacier inventory

T

1

0.1 km

0.01

50 y

30 y

5 y

2 y

6,7,10

2

3.1.6 Glaciers mass balance

T

1

30 sitesgl.

50

5 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

0.1 m

0.01 m

2,6

1,3,4

3.1.7 Evapotranspiration

I

1

Tier 1,2

Tier 1,2

1 d

0.5 hr

1 y

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,5,10,13

1,2,4

3.1.8 Interception

I

1

Tier 1,2

Tier 1,2

1 d

0.5 hr

1 y

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,5,10

1,2,4

3.1.9 Water runoff

I

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 d

1 hr

30 d

1 d

20%

10%

1,2,5,7,9,12,13

1,2,3,4

3.1.10 Surface water flow - discharge

T

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

30 d

0.01 d

30 d

1 d

20%

5%

1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12

1(2,3,4)

3.1.11 Surface water storage fluxes

T

1

30

50

90 d

10 d

3 m

1 m

5%

2%

2,6

1,2,4

3.1.12 Sediment load

T

1

Tier 1,2,3

TBD

1

3.1.13 Light penetration

I

2

1 y

10 d

1 y

1 m

10%

5%

5,

1

3.1.14 Groundwater depth

T

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

1 m

1 y

1 m

5% depth

1% depth

1,2,5,6,9,13

1

3.1.15 Groundwater storage fluxes

T

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

1 y

1 y

1 y

10% depth

1% depth

2,6,9

1

3.1.16 Water surface temperature

I

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

1 m

1 d

2 degrees

1 degree

1,5,6,10,13

1,2

3.1.16 Cloud cover/cold cloud c. duration

M

1

10 km

5 km

10 d

1 d

1 d

1 d

1,2,5,6,10

2,3,4

3.2 Chemical

3.2.1 Electroconductivity

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

1 d

5%

1%

salinity,1,2,5,7,13

1

3.2.2 pH

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

3 m

10 d

1 d

5%

1%

2,5,12

1

3.2.3 Dissolved and particulate organic carbon

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

TBD

1

3.2.4 Total dissolved solids (TDS)

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

1 m

10 d

1 d

10%

5%

TBD,13

1

3.2.5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR)

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

1 d

10%

5%

sodicity,1,2,5,7

1

3.2.6 Oxygen concentration

I

2

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

1 d

10%

5%

fish prod., 5

1

3.2.7 Major cations e.g. Na, Ca, Mg, K

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

1 d

10%

5%

1,2,5,12,13

1

3.2.8 Major anions e.g. CO, HCO, CL, SO

I

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

1 d

10%

5%

1,2,5,12,13

1

3.2.9 Trace metals

I

2

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

3 y

1 y

6 m

1 m

5%

2%

5,12,13

1

3.2.10 Potability

T

1

Tier 4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

10 d

5 d

5,

1

3.2.11 inorg. Nutrient content

I

1

3.3 Biological

3.3.1 Biological oxygen demand

I

1

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

5 d

1 d

10%

5%

1,5,13

1

3.3.2 Chlorophyll concentration

I

1

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

3 m

1 m

5 d

20%

10%

1,5,

1,2

3.3.3 Organic contaminants

I

1

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

6 m

1 m

1 m

5 d

10%

5%

1,2,5

1

3.3.4 Nitrogen indicator species

A

2

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

6 m

3 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,5

1

3.3.5 Phosphorous indicator species

A

2

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

6 m

3 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,5,13

1

3.3.6 Fish population/production potential

T

1

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

1 y

3 m

20%

10%

1,5

1,2,3,4

3.3.6 Potability (microoraganisms)

T

1

Tier 3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

1 y

3 m

20%

10%

5,13

1

3.3.6 Vegetation hydric stress index

T

1

5 km

1 km

1 m

10 d

5 d

1 d

1,2,5,6,7,13

1,2

3.3.7 Land cover

T

1

1 km

0.1 km

10 y

1 y

1 y

3 m

20 class

50 class

1,2,4,5,7,8,9,10,12,13

1,2,3

3.3.8 Land use

T

1

1 km

0.1 km

10 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

5 class

>100

1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13

1,2,3,4

3.3.8.x Wetland presence, type, area

3.3.9 Primary productivity

4. Socio-economic (separate table)

1) 2cm up to 20cm,>20cm 10%/3cm, 15%

Variables/Indicators related to Socio-Economic

Category/Variables

HOR RES.

Cycle d,m,y

Timeliness d,m,y

Accuracy

Sources

Status Data availability

Remarks

Type

Priority

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Target

essential=1

in situ = 1

Input

desirable=2

RS = 2

Ancil

optional=3

GIS=3

Meas

Model=4

2. Socio economic variables

2.1 Basic Eco.

GNP per capita

M

1

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

WDI, World Bank

Y

GNP per capita, real annual growth rate

M

1

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

WDI, World Bank

Y

2.2 Environment

public R&D expenditure, env. Protection

M

1

national

national

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

industry invest. in pollution control

M

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

expenditure on protective activities

M

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

pollution abatement/control expenditure

M

1

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Human Development Index

T

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

na

na

UNDP, 1998

Y

industrial production

T

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Index of technological progress

T

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

na

na

LUCC, 1998

N

Aid (% of GNP)

T

3

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

WDI, World Bank

Y

2.2 Institutional

Ratified conventions (by regions and issues)

M

1

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

Political determinant: political regimes

M

2

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

LUCC, 1998

N

National state of the environment reporting

M

2

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

Status of NEAP

M

2

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

2.3 Population

Population Total

M

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Population density per square km

T

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank, WHO

Y

Age/sex distribution (0-14 years/65+/male female)

T

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

LUCC, 1998, WHO

N

population disturbed by noise

T

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Population Avg. annual growth rate (%)

T

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Urban population (% of total)

M

3

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Mortality rate

M

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

Infant mortality rate

M

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

2.4 Health

% of total population with access to safe water

T

1

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

% of total population with home connection to water

T

1

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

Number of hospitals per 100000 inhabitants

M

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

Number of doctors per 100000 inhabitants

M

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

Population disturbed by air pollution

M

1

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Life expectancy at birth

T

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

na

na

UNDP, 1998

Y

% of total population with access to hygenic?

T

2

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

% of total population with access to sanitation

T

2

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Prevalence of malnutrition (% under 5)

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Per capita average calories available

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WRI, 1998

Y

Rate of total central government expenditure for health

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

WRI, 1998

Y

% of total population with access to health care

T

3

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

% of intoxication by microbiological food born disease

T

2

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

% of intoxication by microbiological water born disease

T

2

national

district

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

2.5 Lifestyle indicators

% of daily smokers

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

consumption of cigarettes per capita

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

alcohool consumption per capita

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

Number of road accident

T

2

national

province

m

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WHO

Y

2.6 Education

Environmental education

M

1

national

province

y

y

na

Na

na

na

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Adult illiteracy (%)

T

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

2.7 Agriculture/land quality

per caput food production

T

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

FAOSTAT

Y

per caput agricultural production

T

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

FAOSTAT

Y

total food production

I

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

FAOSTAT

Y

total agricultural production

I

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

FAOSTAT

Y

population living below poverty line in drylands

T

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

FAO/LQI, 1997

N

total public research expenditures

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

FAOSTAT

Y

genebank status index

T

2

national

national

y

y

na

Na

na

na

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

food consumption per capita

T

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

level of subsidies

M

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

FAO/LQI, 1997

N

formation of farmer support groups

M

2

national

province

y

y

na

Na

na

na

FAO/LQI, 1997

N

arable land per caput

T

2

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 d

10%

5%

FAO/LQI, 1997

N

use of alternative methods for pest control

M

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

manure production

M

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Labor Force in Agriculture (% from Total)

M

3

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Farm structure amd practices: fire management

M

3

national

district

y

y

na

Na

na

na

LUCC, 1998

N

Infrastructure: time/distance to markets

M

3

national

province

y

y

na

Na

10%

5%

LUCC, 1998

N

2.8 Water

Annual freshwater withdrawal per capita (cu. m)

T

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Population connected to public waste water treatment plants

M

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

OECD, 1997

N

Water balance

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

N

use of water resources

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

water withdrawal/consumption by economic sector (agriculture, industry, etc.)

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

daily household water con. per capita

T

3

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

2.9 Energy - pollution - climate change

Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (metric tons)

T

1

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Production/importation of CFCs

I

1

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0%

0%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

primary (indigenous) energy production

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Cadmium consumption

I

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

0

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Mercury consumption

I

2

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

0

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

chemical fertilizer used

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Energy use (oil equiv.) per capita (kg)

T

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

WDI, World Bank

Y

Consumption of road fuel

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

OECD, 1997

N

Selected environmentally significant industries

M

2

national

national

y

y

na

Na

na

na

OECD, 1997

N

Consumption of ozone depleting subs

I

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

2.10 Forest

intensity of timber production

T

1

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAO/LQI, 1997

N

total forest (ha)

M

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 d

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

fuelwood and charcoal production/consumption

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

industrial roundwood production/consumption

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

sawnwood production/consumption

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

wood-based panels production/consumption

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

total fibre furnish production/consumption

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

0

0

FAOSTAT

Y

timber consumption per capita

M

2

national

province

y

m

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Forest ownership

M

2

national

district

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

OECD, 1997

N

2.11 Transports

transport trends (road, train, air traffic)

T

3

national

province

y

y

na

Na

10%

5%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

% of “green” cars

M

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

Measurement of traffic intensity

M

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

2.12 Waste

Costs of waste management

M

1

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

0

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Amounts of waste generated by sector

M

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

Waste treatment and disposal installations

M

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

Production, movement and disposal of hazardous waste

M

1

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

Public expenditures for pollution control of wastes

M

1

national

district

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Generation of municipal/toxic waste

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

Collection and disposal of municipal/toxic waste

M

2

national

district

y

m

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

Nuclear waste production

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

import/export of hazardous waste

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Waste recycling rates

T

3

national

province

y

y

6 m

1 m

5%

0

OECD, 1997

N

2.13 Biodiversity

Number of biospheres reserves

M

1

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

Number of world heritages sites

M

1

national

national

y

y

na

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

Net trade mammals/birds/reptiles/plants

M

1

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

WRI, 1998

Y

Biodiversity profile

M

1

province

province

y

y

na

Na

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

export of ivory

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

UNEP/RIVM, 1994

N

Number of wetlands of international importance

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 d

na

na

WRI, 1998

Y

CITES reporting requirement met (%)

M

2

national

national

y

y

6 m

1 d

10%

5%

WRI, 1998

Y

Variables/Indicators related to Soil and Land quality

Type

Category/Variables

HOR RES.

Cycle d,m,y

Timeliness d,m,y

Accuracy

Application

Methodology

Type

Priority

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

Min

Opt

in situ = 1

Target

essential=1

RS = 2

Input

desirable=2

GIS=3

Ancil

optional=3

Meas

1 Soil and land quality variables

1.1 Baseline information (stable over long period)

Target

Soil Type (FAO Classification)

1

1 km

0.1 km

10y

5 y

5 y

1 y

TBD

FAO class

1,2,3,4,5,10,11,12

1,2,3

Target/Inp

Topography(relief, elev., slope, aspect, dig. elev. model (DEM))

1

1 km

30 m

30y

10 y

5 y

2 y

10%

3%

NPP,NEP,4,6,10,12

1,2,3

Target/Inp

Soil moisture storage capacity

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

10y

5 y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

1-12 (all)

1

Input

Climate parameters

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 m-summaries

5y

6 m

1 m

10%

5%

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,12

1,2,3,4

Input

Soil Gravel, sand, silt, clay/soil texture

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

20 y

10 y

1 y

1 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,12

1,2,3

1.2 Chemical

Target/Inp

Dry and wet depositions of SO4, NO3, NO2+N2O+NH4+solids

2

50 km

1 km

1 y

1 m

1 y

7 d

30%

10%

1,2,3,4,5.12

1

Target

Biogeochemical transport from land to ocean

2

100 km

10 km

1 y

1 d

1 y

10 d

30%

10%

1,2,3,5,9,12

1,2,4,

Target/Inp

Fertilizer use (N,P,K; CACO3 if relevant)

1

national

sub-national

2 y

1 y

1 y

1 y

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,12

1,3,4

Input

Soil total Nitrogen

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

3 y

2 y

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,12

1

Input

Soil total phosporus

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

3 y

2 y

10%

5%

1,2,5,12

1

Input

Soil available phosphorus

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

10%

10%

1,2,5,12

1

Input

Exchangable Potassium

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,5,12

1

Input

Soil total carbon

1

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

3 y

2 y

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,6,12

1

Input

C, organic

1

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5 10

1

Input

Calciumcarbonat CaCO3

1

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5.10

1

Input

pH

1

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

3 m

1 m

10%

5%

1,2,5,12

1

Input

Acidity Exchangeable

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

3 m

20%

10%

12,3,5,12

1

Input

Soil Extractable bases

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

3 m

20%

10%

12,3,5,12

1

Input

Nitrogen mineralization/mineralization potential

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,5

1

Input

Exchangeable Aluminium (if pH <5.5)

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

3 m

20%

10%

TBD

1

Input

Trace Elements (if pH<5.5 or >6.5)

3

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

6 m

10%

5%

TBD

1

Input

Heavy metals

1,2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,5

1

Soil Water Chemistry (see variables for freshwater resources)

1.3 Physical

Input

Soil Bulk Density

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

20 y

10 y

1 y

1 m

10%

5%

1,2,3,4,5,12

1

Input

Soil moisture

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

5 d

1 d

3 d

3 d

10%

2%

1-12 (all)

1,2

Input

Soil depth

2

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

5 y

1y

6 m

6 m

10%

5%

1,2,3,4,5,12

1

Input

Soil temperature (-50 cm)

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

1m

1d

1y

1m

20%

10%

1,2,3,5,6,10,12

1

Input

Saturated hydraulic conductivity

2

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

10 y

5 y

TBD

TBD

10%

5%

TBD

1

Input

Soil surface state

2

Tier 1,2,3,4

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,5,12

1,2

Input

Surface-roughness coefficient

2

10 km

1 km

10 y

5 y

6 m

3 m

15%

5%

Surface/ground stor. fluxes

1.2

Input

Infiltration rate

2

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,5,12

1,4

Input

Evapotranspiration

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 day

1 hr

6 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,4,5,6,10,

Input

Annual soil loss (meas. or predicted by model (USLE))

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

1 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

20%

10%

1,2,3.5.7,9,12

1,2,3,4

1.4 Biological

Input

Necromass

2

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

10 y

1 y

1 y

1 m

20%

5%

1,2,4,5,12

1,2

Input

Area occupied by indicator plants

3

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

1 y

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,5

1

Input

soil microfauna

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1

Input

soil microflora

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,12

1

Input

Plant tissue nitrogen & phosphorus content

3

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

5 y

10 d

1 y

3 m

15%

5%

1,2,3,5,10,11,12

1

Target

Earthworms, termites, ants

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

5 y

1 y

3 m

1 m

15%

5%

1,2,3,5,12

1

Input

Rooting depth - 95%

2

1 km

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

2 y

1 y

10%

5%

1,2,3,5,10,11,12

1

Input

Decomposition rate

1

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

1y

30 d

30 d

30 d

15%

10%

1,2,4,12,NEP

1

Input

Soil respiration

3

Tier1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3

1y

20d

30d

30d

15%

10%

1,4,5,12,NEP

1

Input

Phenology (crop calendar)

2

Tiers 3,4

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 month

1 week

1m

1m

major crops

major crops/nat.veg

1,2,4,5,6,10

1,2

Input

Spectral vegetation greenness index

1

4km

0.1 km

1 d

1 d

10 d

1 d

3%

1%

1,3,6,7,9,12

2

1.5 Land quality change variables (except soils)

Target

Land cover (FAO classification)

1

1 km

0.1 km

10 y

1 y

1 y

3 m

20 classes

50 classes

1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,12,13

1,2,3,

Target

Land use (USGS)

1

1 km

0.1 km

10 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

5 classes

>100 classes

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13

1,2,3

Target

Production Net Primary (NPP)

1

1 km

0.1 km

10 d

1 d

1 y

10 d

30%

10%

1,2,3,4,5,6,9,12,13

1,2,3,4

Target

Production Net Ecosystem (NEP)

1

1 km

1 km

1 y

1 d

3 y

1 y

30%

10%

1,4,5,6,12

1,2,3,4

Input

Biomass above ground

2

Tier 4

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 y

0.5 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,6,10

1,2,4

input

Biomass below ground

2

Tier 4

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 y

0.5 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,6,10

1,4

Meas/Inpu

Leaf Area Index

1

Tiers 3,4

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 m

10 d

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5.6,10,13

1,2

Target/Inp

Crown cover and heigth class

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2,3

10 y

1 y

3 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,4,5,67,9,10,

1,2

Target

Species, density, yield

1

Tiers 1,2

Tier 1,2,3

1 y

0.5 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5

1,2,3,4

Target

Cultivation input (agrochemicals, energy, manpower, cost)

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2,3

1 y

0.5 y

6 m

3 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,12,13

1,4

Target

Residue management/green manure

1

Tiers 1,2,3

Tiers 1,2,3

5 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,4,5,6,10,12

1,4

Target

Herbivores (density/carrying capacity, a management system)

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2

5 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

10%

5%

1,2,4,5,6,10,12

1,4

Target

Incidence of agric. drought, flooding, fire, other external events

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2,3,4

annual summary

event

1 y

3 m

1,2,3,5,6,7,10,12,13

1,2,3,4

Input

Vegetation health/diseases

2

Tiers 3,4

Tiers 1,2,3,4

1 month

1 week

3 m

1 m

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10

1,2

Target

Area under erosion in farming, pasture and forest land

1

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2,3,4

5 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,5,7,9,12

1,2,3,4

Input

Incidence of gullying

3

Tier 1,2,3

Tier 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,3.5.7,9,12

1,2,3,4

Targ,Input

Sedimentation rates in rivers or behind dams

1

20 m

5 m

6 m

1 m

1 m

7 d

20%

10%

1,2,35,7,12

1,2,

Input

Deposit of sediment in coastal areas

2

1 km

0.1 km

1 y

6 m

3 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,5,9,12

1,2

Input

Amount of silt deposited on agricultural lands

2

0.5 km

0.1 km

1 y

6 m

3 m

1 m

20%

10%

1,2,3,5,12

1.2

Input

Aera of sealed surface

2

Tiers 1,2

Tiers 1,2

5 y

1 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,3,5,7,12

1,2,3,

Input

Area with soil depth reduced to less than 10 cm

3

1 km

Tiers 1,2,3,4

10 y

5 y

1 y

6 m

20%

10%

1,2,5,

1

additional parameters (relevance to be discussed)

1.6 Pressure and response indicators

Cultivated area in zones of high erosion potential or impact

2

2

Pasture areas grazed in zones of high erosion potential

2

2

Forest understory exploited in zones of high erosion potential

2

2

Density of roads in zones of high erosion potential

2

2

Area deforested in zones of high erosion potential

1

1

Area without perennial soil cover during critical erosive periods

2

2

Area protected by conservation practices or landscape features

2

2

Change in land use to more or less erosive practices

1

1

Operational area under soil management plans

1

1

Area under nonconservation tillage practices

2

2

Area under poor crop residue management

2

2

Net nutrient extraction in cropland, pastures, and forests

1

1

Area covered by sustainable nutrient applications

2

Farmers or area participating in soil improvement programmes

1

1

Ratio of cultivated to cultivable land

2

Farmland abandoned

2

3

Change to crops with lower nutrient requirements

2

2