Annex 3

Phase 2: Searching for solutions & concrete actions

For the three most voted priority issues each sub-group had to work on very concrete solutions and action plan.

1. State clearly your priority issue

2. Work on solutions and concrete actions for this priority issue

a. Reflect and try to find different possible solutions

b. Rank those solutions following real interest and define what should be done in order to achieve them

1. Search for the driving forces and restraining forces that could influence on the solutions

a) Identify those driving and restraining forces and why could they help or block up the solutions? What are their interests?

b) Which are the forces on which we can exercise an influence?

c) How could we influence them positively? Do we have some ally? Could we have some support?

2. Each sub-group presents their solutions in forum session.

Objective:

To analyse in-depth through one topic (the chosen priority issue) some solutions and action plan taking into account the forces interacting.

To sensitise participants with the fact that for one given idea or solution, one always has to face pro- and contra- people. Therefore whether one accepts it as an immutable fact, either one learns how to deal with it.

Tools:
1°The Ideal Scenario
The ideal scenario is use to rapidly generate (new) ideas of solutions, then translate them into realistic solutions + action plan and encourage individual involvement.

2°Force field analysis
The Force field analysis is used to identify and visualise the various forces in interactions: forces that drive or restrain change for a new situation. The tool also helps to have a visual analysis of the interactions between the forces and therefore make it clearer the actions that should be taken in order to reinforce or counter balance them.

Results:

Since each group studied a different priority issue, no real synthesis of the results could be made. Each group result has to be studied on its own.

The priority issues studied by participants were the following:

• Improving economic viability of forest sector
• Implementation of cross-sectoral responsibility

Balancing owners' and public interest in use of forest

Comments

Some general comments can be done upon the results of the three sub-groups.

It was very interesting for the participants to note that

• As foresters, they have more ally than they first thought. But they quite often under valuated due to lack of recognition and lack of communication.
• Some stakeholders like for instance "society" were seen as positive forces by some participants, while the same stakeholders were seen as negative forces by other participants, depending on the assumption we made upon them.
• Some "neutral" stakeholders could become driving or restraining forces following the (their) interests taking into account and/or the communication we had with them.
• Communication, training & education became quite central issue as an important tool to reach other priority issues but not as priority issue in itself.
• This last working in sub-group seemed to be more difficult to the participants since everybody is so used to speak the "forester" language: while presenting their results, participants often considered that some implications were obvious. But when the facilitator asked to someone else which his understanding of those implications was, the explanations were sometimes very different.
  it is always useful to explicitly clarify was seems evident for oneself.

Group 1: Searching for solutions

Improving viability of the forest sector

Solutions	Actions	Critical Force	Driving Force
1. Forestry management system are rationalised, they are less expensive and more efficient	1. The cost for wood production and other activities in different managemental levels are decreased (government, enterprise, private level), cost-effective activities (sol. 1, 6)	Country readiness - political situation, economical situation (act 1, 2, 3, )	"Forest" enterprises, entrepreneurs, private forest owners - (act 1, 2, 4, 5)
2.Transfer payments for non-wood benefits - those who benefit from the certain services pay for it,f.E city who need forest for recreational matters pay for it	2. To increase the people's understanding teaching an overall business economy and marketing, in general (sol. 5, 7)	Conservatism of Foresters - people who doesn't want to change the attitude towards forestry (social, environmental, economical issues) (act 1, 2)	Forestry institutions- who are opened to politics and society, bring in knowledge, interests Positively motivated and understand each other the best. Know more about the forests than others, like society They are bottle-neck if the decision concerning personnel/employment should be done (act.1, 3, 4, 5)
3. Improvement of financial management and market conditions	3. Decentralisation of state forest management - favours financial compensation for local services (sol. 4)	Politicians - their attitude towards forestry and national coalition agreement (act. 1, 3, 4)	Educators (act.2, 5)
4. State/private interests and functions are separated	4. Strengthening of monitoring/control functions as well as courts efficiency (sol.3, 4)	Forestry institutions - who are not opened. Bottle-neck, if the discussions are going on employment and managemental issues (act. 1, 3, 5)	Employees (act. 1, 2, 5)
5. Consensus on multifunctional forestry reached	5. Increase of innovative activities and know how (sol.. 6)	Lack of marketing (act. 1, 6)	Country readiness - if the country has well-developed and ready to face challenges and there are not so many (act 1, 3, 4, 5))
	6. Communication strategy among stakeholders (sol. 5, 7)	Lack of professional and expert knowledge (act. 1, 5)	EU integration, globalisation, international community, international business environment - press competitiveness and more efficiency (act 4)
6. Competitiveness of forest and wooden products are raised	7. Active and regular advertising campaigns and ecological extension (sol. 7)	International commitments - more obligations and don't make their contributions and to impossible who should solve them (act. 1, 4)	State Policy (taxes a.s.o information) - an overall favours economically viable forest sector (act 1, 3, 4)
7. Promoting use of wood and non-wood forest products and services		Lack of valuation of non wood benefits and other services offered by forests (sol. 2, 7)	Changing attitudes and demands in society- in our society 70 %are living in urban areas; society itself favours the solutions (act 2,6).
		NGO - in many cases are not interested in improving of econ. viable, if you improve then environmental functions will decrease; lack of knowledge (act.1)	Strong Political role of local communities - local and regional decision making favours transform payments for multifunctional forestry (act.1, 2, 3)
		Raising social problems and employment problems, where forestry is most important branch and employer and tax payer (act 1)	Local Governance - local and regional decision making favours transform payments for multifunctional forestry (act. 2, 3)

Group 2: Searching for solutions on the following priority issue

Implementation of cross-sectoral responsibility for forest and forestry sector

Group 3: Searching for solutions on the following priority issue

Balancing owners' and public interest in use of forests