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APPENDIX 2 Outside Activities (Cont.)

TABLE 5

Pond experiment with Leptophos (Phosvel) at 0.5 ppm initial dosage concentration. Pond stocked with Chanos (5–20 cm) and Tilapia (4–9.5 cm); small wild fish and shrimp present. Pond 200 m3, 0.35 cm depth. Leptophos (L), des-bromo-leptophos (DBL) and 4, bromo 2.5 dichloro phenol (BCL-P) concentrations in water, sediment, Chanos (alive), Tilapia (dead) and dead wild fish and shrimp. No mortality with Chanos.

Residue concentrations ECD equipment; oven 220°C. In ppb/wet, except for sediment in ppb/dry.
Days:01234568101112141924293439444954
Water                    
L4.0 12.55.690.890.880.250.331.13 0.000.00etc.       
DBL0.09 0.210.0060.030.110.110.260.30 0.000.00etc.       
BCL-P0.32 0.761.52??0.760.410.41 0.000.00etc.       
Sediment                    
L  6533 644 2813480  4125361 266.60.30.0 
DBL  4634 177 804227  45451143211110693.91.3 
BCL-P  1934 48 7275  16192256150773441 
Chanos                    
L 17556437975  1212205518 3341022951674445404.4 0.0
DBL 374814  1904888 5455219337129564928 0.1
BCL-P 4459977  11382112 2413161280.80.3  1.2
Tilapia                    
L1310 1378                 
DBL? 14                 
BCL-P172 446                 
Glodok                    
L43004300  (Periophthalmus sp.)  3396          
DBL5757       315          
BCL-P219219       833          
Srinding                    
L 6720 (Ambasis sp.)             
DBL 177                  
BCL-P 330                  
Shrimp                    
L 970 (M. monoceros)             
DBL 9                  
BCL-P 84                  

TABLE 6

Pesticide residue concentrations in environmental samples

A: Fish and shrimp in tambak. Concentrations in ppb/wet (μ/kg)

Species Local name and Latin name (English name)organBHC2,4 D
isopr.e.
Thiodan
I
DieldrinEndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDTTotal
DDT
% DDT/ total DDT (including TDE, DDE, DDMU)
 alphagamma(all p,p')
Tambak, Jepara 
BELANAKliver--------3.86.80.511.14.5
Mugil sp.
(Grey Mullet) 
flesh3.6-------7.319.70.327.31.1
  (killed with derris-root extract) 
gonad1.0------6.233.466.50.8106.90.7
stomach6.7-------17.837.71.456.92.5
MUJAHIRflesh8.0--7.5---1.19.6410.151.80.2
Tilapia mossambicaliver0.0--34.0---230.0240.0470.0
stomach43.0--35.0----381420.3180.30.2
MUJAHIR (killed with Thiodan) (same pond)flesh---67.0----4.8195174.868.2
liver---178.0----3.27.5215225.795.3
stomach---75.0----2.6146985.680.6
UDANG PUTIH(killed with Thiodan) 
Pen eus merguiensis 
(white shrimp)
flesh---2.1----0.6-1.01.662.5
JAMBRONGflesh---91.0----2135288433.3
Therapon puta
(Therapon)
 (killed with Thiodan)
liver---414----536530242071.9
stomach39.0--512---2916838511369516.3
SUKANGflesh---15----3260.729.72.4
Triacanthus sp.
(Spikefish)
livernot analysed (killed with Thiodan)
stomach183--36---687062 180493 0031.6
KETINGflesh3--103----11143.728.712.9
Arius sp.
(Catfish)
liver75--792----153352205253.8
(killed + Thiodan)
stomach7.5--681----6.1213865.158.4
KAPASANflesh4.8--149---9.32.621114146.977.6
Gerris sp.
(Mojarra)
(killed + Thiodan)
liver40--2 290-----1551 3401 49589.6
stomach216--1 870---181951 0058702 08841.7
BALANAKflesh4.5--196----5.319171195.387.6
Mugil sp.
(Grey Mullet)
(killed + Thiodan)
liver7--59-----6.3101107.394.1
stomach111--1 126---271385601 2371 96263.0
BLOSOflesh---30----1.02.74548.792.4
Gobias sp.
(Goby)
(ibid)
liver59--2 420---261 0541 0103 4805 57062.5
stomach3.4--371----615635246975.0
Tambak, Surabaya              
UDANG BAGO              
Penaeus monodon
(Tiger shrimp)
flesh--------2.20.20.12.54.0
UDANG PUTIH              
Penaeus merguiensis
(White or Banana shrimp)
flesh--------2.30.40.22.96.9
MUJAHIRflesh-25.9-3.6---5.337.861.95.8110.85.2
Tilapia mossambioa
(Tilapia)
liver-320.75.7---12651085.7190.73.0
stomach-1761329---40315519469205.0
JAMBRONGflesh-8.212.70.5---5.038315796.3
Therapon puta
(Therapon)
liver-70-----84768614841 5505.4
stomach-9310511---63801487891 4406.2
BANDENGflesh131.8-2.0---5.326.813.63.549.27.1
Chanos chanos
(Milkfish)
liver1.6--0.5---0.54.02.71.28.414.3
stomach861.8-4.7---14.0744012.2140.28.7
BELANAHflesh-4678.4---9.69914611265.64.1
Mugil sp.
(Grey Mullet)
liver-1152834.0---3.082131212378.9
stomach-1693842---56545909741 5844.7

The symbol - means that the quantity of pesticide was below detectable level (for most of them below 0.1 ppb/wet).

B: Sediments from tambaks (in ppb/dry)

OriginNo.BHC2,4 D
isopr.e.
Thiodan IDieldrinEndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDT
o,p'
DDT
p,p'
total DDT% DDT/total DDT
alphagamma
ATJEH,KLM-Banka-2.4-2.9----12.812.6--25.40.0
SumatraKLM-II??------1.21.7--2.90.0
KLM-TBB8.94.61.00.4----2.51.30.70.65.111.8
KLM-IVA??-8.9----3.23.010.41.117.76.2
MRH-XD??------0.40.8--1.20.0
MEDAN,               
Sumatra9.11.4-0.5-----0.5---0.50.0
11.3??------12.09.0-0.421.41.9
JAMBI,               
Sumatra50.1??-------12.0-11.923.949.8
JAKARTA,               
Java6.22.4-------4.6---4.60.0
KENDAL,               
Java18.1--------4.30.9--5.20.0
 RP-I??------2.6---2.60.0
PEMALANG,               
JavaDempond-I-4.10.5-----2.51.80.20.24.74.3
JEPARA,               
JavaE- 47 000--8.0----2.510-214.513.8
(recently sprayed with BHC)
 J--------2.20.2--2.40.0
SURABAYA,               
Java40.1--------0.7---0.70.0
 Sukolilo-1.79.6-----4.221.10.32.528.18.9
PONTIANAK, Kalimantan (Borneo)1.13.4-9.4-----0.10.12.3-2.592
C: Water from tambaks (in ppb/wet) 
KENDAL,               
Java 0.010.02------smaller than 0.01 ppb 
JEPARA,               
Java --------0.0060.008-0.0070.02133.3
SURABAYA,               
Java 0.1370.220.011-----0.0030.010--0.0130.0

? = below 1 ppb, difficult to detect due to matching by sulphur

- = below 0.2 ppb/dry

TABLE 7

Pesticide residue concentrations in environmental samples

A: Fish and shrimp from the sea (concentrations in ppb/wet)

Locations Species Local name and Latin name (English name)OrgansBHC2,4 D
isopr.e.
Thiodan IDieldrin
alphagamma
JEPARA, Java
SELARflesh-----
Caranx sp.
(Jacks)
liver-----
stomach0.4-2--
JUWIflesh-----
(mixed small fishes)liver-----
stomach-----
KEMBUNGflesh0.4----
Rastrelliger sp.
(Mackerel)
liver-----
stomach-----
BANDENGflesh-----
 (1 = 96 cm)
Chanos chanos
(Milkfish)
liver-----
 flesh
abdominal
-----
BANDENG
Chanos chanos
(Milkfish)
(1 = 93 cm)
flesh
dorsal
-----
liver0.5-30.6--
liver
ceaca
1.3-0.6--
brain3.03.22.0--
testes--2.0--
SURABAYA,Java
BAWALflesh9.25.915.7--
Formio niger
(Pomfrets)
liver-14.274.5--
stomach6.033.588.5--
SAMADARflesh-20.532--
Siganus vermiculatus
(Spine foot)
liver-8.069--
stomach-4398--
SEBELAHflesh-0.610.8--
Cynoglossus lingua
(Long tong sole)
liver-23.3183.9--
stomach--65.1--
JAPUHflesh-0.51.3--
Dussumieria acuta
(Rainbow sardine)
liver--44.45.7-
stomach-0.147.85.6-
BLOSOflesh--2.2--
Gobius microlepis
(Goby)
liver-----
stomach-0.41.8--

EndrinPCB (spectrum equal to Arochlor 1260 or DP-6)DDMUDDETDEDDTtotal DDT% DDT/total DDTtotal DDT/PCB
o,p'p,p'
---1.32.7--4.00.0 
---3.92.6--6.50.0 
--6.53.50.9--10.90.0 
---7.913-1.622.57.1 
---2845-2.375.33.1 
---66100-141807.8 
--1.50.25.8-5.813.343.6 
--2.02.036-337345.2 
---0.616-2137.655.8 
-740±1304372056-720153946.82.1
-20±30.5176-1134.531.91.7
-smaller than 402.720.724.2-22.770.332.31.8
---3.23.3-2.99.430.9 
---6.75.6-5.818.132.0 
---0.61.1-1.02.737.0 
---2.32.2-1.15.619.6 
--0.10.91.0-0.42.416.7 
--1.040.420.8-26.788.930.0 
--2.077.077.5--156.50.0 
--0.319.815.5-0.736.31.9 
---8.33.4-3.214.921.5 
--3.050.052.0-0.7106.56.5 
--2.033.019.0-9.063.014.3 
---12.73.0-3.919.620.0 
---2.05.1-0.47.55.3 
---17.44.2-0.121.70.5 
---28.28.3-9.445.920.5 
--3.6282.5185.8-26.0497.95.2 
--2.143.4109.4-0.3155.20.2 
---15.72.6-5.824.124.1 
---303.7132.2-24.8460.75.4 
---80.733.0-9.7123.47.9 

Locations Species Local name and Latin name (English name)OrgansBHC2,4 D isopr.e.Thiodan IDieldrin
alphagamma
KEMBUNGflesh-646.7--
Rastrelliger sp.
(Mackerel)
liver-91237--
stomach-96243--
SELARflesh-0.75.0--
Caranx sp.
(Jacks)
liver(not analysed)   
stomach-11.867.00.6-
KERAPUflesh0.83.41.7--
Epinephelus sp.
(Grouper)
liver-5.259.7--
stomach5.24.726.2--
PULAU KARIMUNJAWA      
Java Sea      
PENYUflesh1-207-18---
Chelonia mydas
(Sea turtle)
liver4-20<15---
      
WEST IRIAN      
UDANG BAGOflesh0.2-2----
P. monodon
(Tiger shrimp)
(preserved frozen)     
      
TJILATJAP, S.Java      
UDANG PUTIH
P. merguiensis
(Banana shrimp)
flesh15-36.4--

B: Sediments from estuaries and sea (in ppb/dry)

OriginSpecificsBHC2,4 D isopr.e.Thiodan IDieldrin
alphagamma
MEDANMouth Belawan??-0.2-
SumatraMouth Sialang Buah3.3---14.7
Mouth Perout11.5---22.5
Estuary/sea Belawan-----
Estuary/sea-4.11.0--
Sialang Buah     
Estuary/sea Percut4.8--3.025.4
JAMBIEstuary/river??---
SumatraSea½ mile offshore2.10.91.80.3-
JAKARTAMouth/river12.0-2.00.7-
Java   "        "??---
 Estuary-3.44.5-32.4

EndrinPCB (spectrum equal to Arochlor 1260 or DP-6)DDMUDDETDEDDTtotal DDT% DDT/total DDTtotal DDT/PCB
o,p'p,p'
---3.92.2-2.28.326.5 
---34.067.0--1010.0 
---16.417.7-1.835.95.0 
--8.480.821.1-65.3175.637.4 
(not analysed) 
--2.362.443.7-23.4131.817.8 
--0.63.40.8-0.65.411.1 
---290.148.9-13.7352.73.9 
---54.36.5-0.761.51.1 
---0.40.4--0.80.0 
---3-133.5-3.715.224.3 
---0.5---0.50.0 
---1.3---1.30.0 

EndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDTtotal DDT%DDT/total DDT
o,p'p,p'o,p'p,p'
-1.0-6.4-9.11.50.917.913.4
5.6(Arochlor 1254)-1.9-4.55.4-11.845.8
9.2--0.6-1.16.5-8.279.3
---8.8-2.7--11.50.0
--2.00.6-3.713.93.423.673.3
15.1--3.8-1.08.0-12.862.5
------20.4-20.4100
--1.72.2-0.6-0.95.416.7
---2.8-0.80.6-4.214.3
---1.2-1.9--3.10.0
---27.66025.50.94.1118.14.2

OriginSpecificeBHC2,4 D isopr.e.Thiodan IDieldrin
alphagamma
JEPARAEstuary (sand)1.7----
JavaEstuary (mud)2.6----
GRESIK, JavaEstuary0.8----
SURABAYAMouth Yosonilangun??---
 Landing Centre-----
CILACAP
S. Java
Coast0.7--0.2-
KROYA
S.Java
Coast0.62.61.0--
PONTINAKMouth river3.0----
Borneo    "       "-8.91.71.6-
 Estuary1.30.42.8--

? = not detectable due to too much sulphur.

- = smaller than 0.2 ppb

EndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDTtotal DDT% DDT/total DDT
o,p'p,p'o,p'p,p'
---0.1--2.30.12.596
---0.3--0.6-0.966.7
---2.7-0.3-1.14.126.8
------6.3-6.3100
-97±20
(Arochlor 1260)
-38.9-99.4-9.5147.86.4
--0.42.1 0.6--3.10.0
---1.5-0.71.0-3.231.3
-----2.50.35.88.667.4
---6.3-0.21.20.27.92.5
---0.5--3.00.23.75.4

TABLE 8

River water analysis

A: Water (pesticides in ppb/wet)

LocationDatepHO2BOD-24hCOD
mg 0/1
PO4
ppm
BHC2,4 D isopr.e.
direct1:1alphagamma
JAKARTA
Kali Anool29.8.756.71.21.23.016.30.00.210.09-
SEMARANG          
Kali Gawé9.8.757.30.0-2.62.450.00.500.200.22
Banjir Kan.9.8.757.36.40.80.20.540.00.03-0.004
SURABAYA          
Kanal5.9.756.90.0--58.080.50.002-0.002
Kali15.9.756.9?n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.0.80.3-
Land. Centr.5.9.756.62.8n.d.n.d.7.70.2n.d.n.d.n.d.
LocationThiodan
I
DieldrinEndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDTtotal
DDT
% DDT/
total
DDT
(all p,p')
JAKARTA
Kali Anool0.005---0.0070.0030.0050.0050.02025.0
SEMARANG          
Kali Gawé----0.0240.040.15-0.2140.0
Banjir Kan.-------0.0130.013100
SURABAYA          
Kanal0.0001---------
Kali----------
Land. Centr.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.

B: Suspended matter (pesticides in ppm/dry)

LocationDateSusp.m.
mg/l
Ignition loss
%
BHC2,4 D isopr.e.Thiodan I
alphagamma
JAKARTA
Kali Ancol29.8.7543.664.00.320.28-0.03
  (% pest. in susp/total:6.311.8-22
SEMARANG       
Kali Gawé9.8.7539.7571.2---
Banjir Kan.9.8.7512.5350.19---
SURABAYA       
Kanal5.9.7558.868.5??-<0.02
Kali15.9.75n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.
Land. Centr.5.9.75165.894.0n.d.(see Table VII-B for sediment)

LocationDieldrinEndrinPCBDDMUDDETDEDDTtotal DDT% DDT/total DDT
JAKARTA
Kali Ancol+0.26-0.080.721.500.252.559.8
 -100-3391936985%) 
SEMARANG         
Kali Gawé---6.731.563.060.0311.380.3
Banjir Kan.----0.090.30-0.390.0
SURABAYA         
Kanal----0.1120.770.491.37235.7
Kalin.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.
Land. Centr.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.

n.d. = not determined.

? = masked by sulphur.

- = below detectable level

Fig. 1

Fig. 1 DIAZINON AND LEPTOPHOS AQUARIA TESTS WITH SHRIMP, CHIRONOMID LARVAE AND FISH.

(A: LT50 VERSUS INITIAL EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION,
B: LD50 VERSUS DURATION OF EXPOSURE)

Fig. 2

Fig. 2 UPTAKE AND LOSS OF DIAZINON WIDTH TIME IN TILAPIA AND CHANOS (T½ = BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE PERIOD)

Fig. 3

Fig. 3. DIAZINON AND LEPTOPHOS CONCENTRATIONS IN THE WATER VERSUS CONCENTRATIONS DETERMINED IN KILLED ORGANISMS

Fig. 4

Fig. 4 POSITION OF SAMPLING STATIONS

Fig. 5

Fig. 5 PERCENTAGE DDT/TOTAL DDT IN LIVER OF VARIOUS SPECIES VERSUS THIODAN CONCENTRATION IN LIVER
(t = FISH WAS KILLED BY THIODAN APPLICATION IN THE PONDS)


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