Area:
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886 000 sq.km
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Climate:
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Tropical wet-dry climate with two rainy seasons in north (November-December and March-May) and one in south (November-April)
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Population:
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33.1 million (2000 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: US$240 (1999)
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Specific characteristics of the country:
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Low-income food-deficit country; cereal surplus production in south and south-west; cereal deficit in central and north-west. Distribution difficulties
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Logistics:
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Serious shortage of rolling stock, fuel and spare parts
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Major foodcrops:
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Maize, roots, tubers, sorghum, pulses, plantains, rice
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Marketing year:
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June/May; Lean season: February-April
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Share of cereals in total calorie intake:
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60 percent
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Prospects for the main season coarse grains in the southern highlands are favourable due to abundant rains. In the bi-modal areas the main season maize crop is now being planted.
Aggregate 2000/01 cereal production, mainly maize, is estimated at about 3.7 million tonnes, about 13 percent below the previous five years average. The decline is attributed to drought conditions in several parts of the country. However, the overall food supply situation has improved due to increased on-farm stocks and market supplies following harvests of the "short rains" crop. This has helped to relieve pockets of food insecurity in the northern and central regions of the country resulting from successive seasons of poor harvests.
An Emergency Operation, was jointly approved in December 2000 by FAO and WFP for food assistance to 1.3 million people affected by drought across 11 regions, worth US$15.8 million for a period of 5 months.
Harvesting of the 2000/01 second season cereal crops is completed. The output is expected to be above average reflecting well distributed rains during the season. Rains in February have allowed land preparation and planting of the 2001 main season crop in most areas. The medium term forecast for March to May 2001, predicts an above-normal rainfall over southern Uganda but a near-normal to below-normal rainfall over northern parts.
The output of the main season crop, harvested from the middle of 2000, was below average due to drought and erratic rains in various parts of the country. Cereal production in 2000 is estimated to be about 12 percent below average at 1.6 million tonnes.
| Wheat | Rice | Coarse grains | Total | |
| Previous five years average production | 89 | 722 | 3 310 | 4 121 |
| Previous five years average imports | 86 | 74 | 198 | 358 |
| 2000/01 Domestic Availability | 73 | 400 | 3 059 | 3 532 |
| 2000 Production (rice in paddy terms) | 33 | 615 | 3 059 | 3 707 |
| 2000 Production (rice in milled terms) | 33 | 400 | 3 059 | 3 492 |
| Possible stock drawdown | 40 | - | - | 40 |
| 2000/01 Utilization | 193 | 520 | 3 509 | 4 222 |
| Food Use | 130 | 420 | 3 003 | 3 553 |
| of which: local purchase requirement | - | - | 7 | 7 |
| Non-food use | 50 | 100 | 489 | 639 |
| Exports or Re-exports | 13 | - | 17 | 30 |
| Possible stock build up | - | - | - | - |
| 2000/01 Import Requirement | 120 | 120 | 450 | 690 |
| Anticipated commercial imports | 60 | 100 | 380 | 540 |
| Food aid needs | 60 | 20 | 70 | 150 |
| Current Aid Position | ||||
| Food aid pledges | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| of which: Delivered | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| Donor-financed purchases | - | - | 24 | 24 |
| of which: for local use | - | - | 7 | 7 |
| for export | - | - | 17 | 17 |
| Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/Year) | 4 | 13 | 91 | 107 |
| Indexes | ||||
| 2000 production as % of average: | 90 | |||
| 2000/01 import requirement as % of average: | 193 |
