Table 1.
Results using different stocking rates of S. robustus as a predator in the culture of O. andersonii and C. carpio
Pond designation | P 1 | P9 | P 12 | P 11 | P 9 | P 7 | P 3 | P 2 | P 13 | P 16 | P 4 | P 2 | P 4 | P 8 | P 3 | |
Stocking data | ||||||||||||||||
number S. robustus | ||||||||||||||||
per hectare | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | 75 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 300 | 300 | 500 | 1250 | |
mean wt (g) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 150 | 150 | 15 | 30 | 20 | 20 | 30 | 100 | 100 | 70 | 15 | |
O. andersonii | ||||||||||||||||
initial number | 25000 | 3150 | 50000 | 40000 | 18300 | 20600 | 26000 | 25000 | 20375 | 21250 | 20000 | 29000 | 23650 | 10000 | 25000 | |
C. carpio | ||||||||||||||||
initial number | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2500 | 2500 | 165 | 625 | 750 | 1500 | 625 | 500 | 445 | 0 | 2500 | |
Initial biomass (T/ha) | 0.13 | 0.23 | 1.10 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.67 | 0.51 | 0.61 | 0.53 | 0.52 | 0.52 | |
Harvest | ||||||||||||||||
Biomass (T/ha) | 1.49 | 1.09 | 1.54 | 1.10 | 1.84 | 1.54 | 3.82 | 2.21 | 0.68 | 1.78 | 1.10 | 4.19 | 4.06 | 1.79 | 1.91 | |
Number S. robustus | ||||||||||||||||
recovered/ha | 0 | 0 | 1100 | 3900 | 65 | 70 | 1200 | 175 | 235 | 165 | 115 | 265 | 160 | 630 | 885 | |
mean wt (g) | 0 | 0 | 12 | 10 | 150 | 150 | 41.6 | 205 | 140 | 200 | 220 | 146 | 217 | 110 | 82 | |
Biomass/ha of S. robustus recovered (kg) | 0 | 0 | 13.2 | 39 | 9.75 | 10.5 | 49.92 | 35.87 | 32.9 | 33 | 25.3 | 38.69 | 34.72 | 69.3 | 72.57 | |
Percent biomass of S. robustus at harvest | 0 | 0 | 0.86% | 3.55% | 0.53% | 0.68% | 1.31% | 1.63% | 4.85% | 1.86% | 2.30% | 0.92% | 0.86% | 3.87% | 3.80% | |
Total pond harvest | ||||||||||||||||
% biomass > 50 g | 48% | 37% | 92% | 86% | 90% | 97% | 96% | 86% | 78% | 84% | 85% | 85% | 80% | 84% | 100% | |
Initial mean wt (g) of O. andersonii | 5 | 46.1 | 22.0 | 7.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 7.5 | 17.6 | 20.0 | 26.0 | 22.8 | 19.3 | 20.7 | 52.0 | 10.6 | |
Final mean wt (g) of O. andersonii excluding fish < 50 g | 178 | 189 | 102 | 97.5 | 115 | 98 | 104 | 130 | 66.5 | 138 | 100 | 89.29 | 86.2 | 155 | 81.4 |
Table 2.
Mwekera farm production ponds Results using integrated farming with ducks/fish or pigs/fish
Pond # | P 3 | P 4 | P 2 | P 2 | P 4 | P 9 | P 7 |
all ponds 0.2 ha | |||||||
Starting date | 18.8.88 | 8.9.88 | 15.9.88 | 5.10.89 | 14.9.89 | 6.12.88 | 6.12.88 |
Harvest date | 21.12.88 | 18.1.89 | 8.2.89 | 13.3.90 | 22.3.90 | 28.6.89 | 14.6.89 |
Number days | 143 | 125 | 146 | 157 | 193 | 197 | 184 |
O. andersonii | |||||||
Initial number | 5,000 | 4,000 | 5,000 | 5,800 | 4,730 | 3,660 | 4,120 |
Final number | 2,440 | 3,320 | 2,500 | 9,269 | 8,500 | 1,227 | 1,440 |
percent survival | 49% | 83% | 50% | 160% | 180% | 34% | 35% |
Initial mean wt (g) | 10.6 | 22.8 | 17.6 | 19.3 | 20.7 | 10.6 | 10.6 |
Final mean wt (g) | 81.4 | 37.3 | 130 | 63.22 | 55.11 | 115 | 98 |
Grams per day | 0.50 | 0.12 | 0.77 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.53 | 0.48 |
C. carpio | |||||||
Initial number | 500 | 125 | 125 | 100 | 89 | 500 | 500 |
Final number | 368 | 89 | 78 | 81 | 45 | 475 | 451 |
percent survival | 74% | 71% | 62% | 81% | 51% | 95% | 90% |
Initial mean wt (g) | 100 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 5 | 5 |
Final mean wt (g) | 470 | 800 | 1100 | 3010 | 3460 | 400 | 350 |
Grams per day | 2.59 | 5.76 | 6.99 | 11.78* | 13.28* | 2.01 | 1.88 |
TOTAL POND RESULTS | |||||||
O.a. and C.c | |||||||
Initial biomass (kg) | 103 | 101 | 98 | 122 | 107 | 41 | 46 |
Final biomass (kg) | 382 | 220 | 441 | 837 | 812 | 368 | 308 |
Production (kg) | 279 | 119 | 343 | 715 | 705 | 327 | 262 |
Biomass/ha (T) | 1.91 | 1.10 | 2.21 | 4.19 | 4.06 | 1.84 | 1.54 |
T/ha/year | 3.56 | 1.73 | 4.29 | 8.31 | 6.67 | 3.03 | 2.60 |
INPUTS (approximate) | |||||||
stock feed (T) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.65** | 3.97** | ||
Total # of ducks raised on the pond | 150 | 170 | 160 | 345** | 348** | ||
Live duck weight (approximate) (kg) | 375 | 425 | 400 | 860 | 860 | ||
Dressed duck weight (kg) | 690** | 696** | |||||
Number of pigs | 10 | 10 | |||||
stock feed (T) (supplemented with duck litter) | 4 | 4 | |||||
Live pig weight (approximate) (kg) | 700 | 700 |
* carp stocked 2 months earlier
** exact numbers
Table 3.
Mwekera farm production ponds Results using chicken manure and spoiled maize
Pond # | P 1 | P 16 | P 13 | P 8 | P 11 | P 12 | P 3 |
All ponds 0.2 ha | |||||||
Starting date | 15.6.88 | 3.10.88 | 13.10.88 | 17.1.89 | 18.1.89 | 30.1.89 | 6.2.89 |
Harvest date | 1.12.88 | 22.2.89 | 17.1.89 | 19.10.89 | 1.11.89 | 8.11.89 | 21.12.89 |
Number days | 165 | 110 | 122 | 225 | 283 | 279 | 316 |
O. andersonii | |||||||
Initial number | 5,000 | 4,250 | 4,075 | 2,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 5200 |
Final number | 800 | 1,216 | 1,100 | 5,264 | 3,776 | 3,886 | 7420 |
percent survival | 16% | 29% | 27% | 263% | 47% | 39% | 143% |
Initial mean wt (g) | 5 | 26 | 20 | 52 | 7.5 | 22 | 7.5 |
Final mean wt (g) | 178* | 138* | 60 | 68 | 54.2 | 79.2 | 88.8 |
Grams per day | 1.05 | 1.02 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.26 |
C. carpio | |||||||
Initial number | 0 | 300 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 |
Final number | 0 | 151 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
percent survival | 0% | 50% | 31% | 67% | |||
Initial mean wt (g) | 0 | 80 | 80 | 181 | |||
Final mean wt (g) | 0 | 500 | 370 | 2090 | |||
Grams per day | 0.00 | 3.82 | 2.38 | 6.04 | |||
TOTAL POND RESULTS | |||||||
O.a. and C.c | |||||||
Initial biomass (kg) | 25 | 135 | 94 | 104 | 60 | 220 | 45 |
Final biomass (kg) | 297 | 356 | 136 | 358 | 220 | 308 | 764 |
Production (kg) | 272 | 221 | 42 | 254 | 160 | 88 | 719 |
Biomass/ha (T) | 1.49 | 1.78 | 0.68 | 1.79 | 1.10 | 1.54 | 3.82 |
T/ha/year | 3.01 | 3.67 | 0.63 | 2.06 | 1.03 | 0.58 | 4.15 |
INPUTS (approximate figures) | |||||||
Chicken manure (T) | 2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
Fertilizer (kg) (20 % P) | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | ||
Spoiled maize (T) (similar to compost) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
* does not include mean weight of fry found in the pond
Table 4(a).
Mwekera Duck production 1988
J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D | |
Eggs collected | 127 | 384 | 363 | 100 | 1048 | 709 | 775 | 638 | 915 | 216 | 516 | 612 |
Incubated | 102 | 325 | 324 | 73 | 745 | 521 | 545 | 578 | 558 | 212 | 509 | 593 |
% hatching | 32% | 16% | 22% | 4% | 60% | 64% | 79% | 63% | 60% | 48% | 14% | 18% |
Ducklings sold | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 50 | 239 | 83 | 26 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
Ducklings died | 7 | 11 | 23 | 11 | 7 | 15 | 12 | 38 | 197 | 97 | 91 | 49 |
Ducks died | 0 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 27 | 16 | 11 | 14 |
Ducks stolen | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 23 |
Ducks sold | 4 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 71 | 82 | 32 | 40 | 99 | 217 | 85 |
Total Ducks Farm (end of month) | 122 | 85 | 84 | 105 | 2053 | 224 | 431 | 382 | 377 | 636 | 573 | 510 |
Table 4(b).
Mwekera Duck Production 1989
month | 1/89 | 2/89 | 3/89 | 4/89 | 5/89 | 6/89 | 7/89 | 8/89 | 9/89 | 10/89 | 11/89 | 12/89 | Annual Totals |
No. eggs collected | 689 | 808 | 2407 | 1977 | 1251 | 555 | 1133 | 1290 | 1565 | 950 | 184 | 424 | 13233 |
No. eggs incubated | 673 | 777 | 2339 | 1911 | 1224 | 545 | 1098 | 1256 | 1519 | 923 | 198 | 188 | 12651 |
No. eggs infertile | 167 | 165 | 278 | 261 | 97 | 69 | 64 | 103 | 124 | 92 | 29 | 32 | 1481 |
Ducklings hatched | 110 | 143 | 235 | 974 | 836 | 573 | 283 | 660 | 832 | 997 | 358 | 52 | 6053 |
Ducklings sold | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 231 | 229 | 398 | 109 | 0 | 1024 |
Ducklings died | 42 | 46 | 55 | 290 | 213 | 84 | 62 | 280 | 104 | 76 | 11 | 5 | 1268 |
Ducks sold | 0 | 130 | 55 | 29 | 42 | 106 | 206 | 171 | 109 | 80 | 138 | 80 | 1146 |
Ducks died | 1 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 17 | 36 | 2 | 35 | 27 | 3 | 11 | 0 | 145 |
Ducks missing | 16 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 0 | 91 |
total feed over year: approximately 30,000 kg
Table 4 (c).
Mwekera Duck Production Summary
Totals | Monthly average | Monthly Standard deviation | |
Number of eggs collected | 21326 | 969 | 553 |
Number of eggs incubated | 19001 | 864 | 486 |
Percent eggs rejected | 11% | ||
Eggs/breeder/month | 7.8 | 3.7 | |
Percent infertile eggs | 15.6% | 8.7% | |
Ducklings hatched | 8788 | 399 | 309 |
Percent eggs hatched (monthly basis) | 49.5% | 19.2% | |
Percent eggs hatched (22 month basis) | 46.3% | ||
Mean number of ducklings/breeder/year | 36 | ||
Ducklings sold | 1753 | ||
Ducklings died | 4151 | ||
Percent duckling mortality | 47.2% | ||
Ducks sold from farm | 2077 | ||
Ducks died | 663 | ||
Percent duck mortality | 31.9% | ||
Ducks stolen or missing | 144 |
Table 5.
Production data in Nursery Ponds - Chipata
1988 | |||||||
Pond no. | R2 | R6 | R7 | R3 | R2 | R7 | R18 |
Area (are) | 7.2 | 6.2 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 2.5 | 8.7 |
Culture period | Mar–May | Mar–Jun | Mar–May | May–Sep | Jul–Aug | Jul–Sep | Sep–Jan |
No. of days | 64 | 84 | 60 | 133 | 65 | 77 | 140 |
Stocking density (n/are) | 3400 | 3100 | 3300 | 3000 | 1500 | 2500 | 1000 |
Av. weight | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 11 | 5 |
Treatment:manure (kg/are/day) | 0.74 | 0.63 | 1 | 2.3 * | * | 7 * | 0.14 |
Feed (kg/are/day) | 1.09 | 1.34 | 0.6 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.31 |
Harvest:total (kg) | 100 | 110 | 55 | 20 | 53 | 32 | 201 |
Av. weight | 15 | 19 | 15 | 58 | 10 | 10 | 16 |
Survival (%) | 27 | 30 | 44 | 4 | 47 | 50 | 70 |
Spec. growth rate (% bw./day) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.8 |
*) + stand. TSP application (8.5kg/are/2 weeks)
1989 | ||||
Pond No. | R1 | R2 | R1 | R6 |
Area (are) | 8.5 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 6.2 |
Culture period | Mar–May | Mar–May | May–Aug | Apr–Jun |
No. days | 62 | 68 | 65 | 56 |
Stocking density n/are | 2876 | 2083 | 1155 | 4355 |
Av. wt (g) | 1 | 7 | 3 | 1 |
Treatment manure kg/are/day | 0.47 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.65 |
Feed kg/are/day | 0.24 | 0.56 | 0.47 | 0.48 |
Harvest total kg | 91 | 77 | 76 | 22 |
Average wt. | 18 | 13 | 15 | 11 |
Survival % | 20 | 40 | 52 | 7 |
Spec. grow. rate g/day | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Tsp used (Kg) | 15 | 4 | - | - |
1990 | ||||||||||
Pond No | R6 | B3 | B3 | R8 | B3 | FDP | B3 | R8 | R6 | FDP |
Area (area) | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 2.0 | 6.4 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 2.0 |
Date harvested | 16-1-90 | 17-1-90 | 06-2-90 | 23-2-90 | 14-2-90 | 02-3-90 | 10-4-90 | 12-4-90 | 09-5-90 | 07-5-90 |
Total No. of fingerings | 4642 | 7313 | 7250 | 500 | 3000 | 600 | 5232 | 1240 | 6389 | 1250 |
Total wt (kg) | 53 | 59 | 773 | 7 | 30 | 5 | 55 | 124 | 115 | 8 |
Mean wt (g) | 11 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 18 | 7 |
Table 6.
Fish production data: Grow-out ponds, Chipata
1987–88 Season | ||||||||||||||
Pond Area | Cultureperiod | No. days | Spec. | Stocking density (n/are) | Stocking av. weight (g) | Av. food (kg/are/day) | Organic manure (kg/are/day) | Ducks (av. n/day) | Harvest total (kg) | Av. weight (g) | Gross prod. (kg/ha/yr) | Net prod. | Corr. net prod. | |
no. | (are) | |||||||||||||
P9 | 49 | Apr–Oct'87 | 199 | T. | 300 | 16 | 0.55 | 0.08 | 0 | 846 | 91 | 3170 | 2300 | 2420 |
P7 | 48 | Aug–Oct'87 | 76 | T. | 266 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.14 | 0 | 78 | 39 | 780 | 0 | 0 |
P8 | 45 | Feb–Nov'87 | 286 | T. | 250 | 15 | 0.53 | 0.01 | 0 | 846 | 66 | 2400 | 1740 | 1740 |
P5 | 45 | May–Nov'87 | 166 | T. | 369 | 15 | 0.53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
P4 | 48 | Feb–Jun'88 | 128 | T. | 260 | 11 | 0 | 0.2 | 200 | 480 | 109 | 2870 | 1040 | 960 |
P1 | 48 | Feb–Aug'88 | 190 | T. | 260 | 10 | 0 | 0.18 | 93 | 706 | 60 | 2830 | 2330 | 2340 |
P9 | 49 | Feb–Jul'88 | 163 | T./C. | 220/21 | 24/5 | 0.69 | 0 | 0 | 1190 | 138/47 | 5430 | 4230 | 4160 |
P8 | 45 | Mar–Sep'88 | 194 | T./C. | 270/23 | 25/10 | 0.58 | 0 | 0 | 1370 | 90/800 | 5730 | 4410 | 4570 |
P5 | 45 | Mar–Oct'88 | 217 | T. | 330 | 3 | 0 | 0.54 | 0 | 340 | 120 | 1270 | 1080 | 1120 |
R5 | 13 | Apr–Nov'88 | 205 | T. | 255 | 40 | 0.94 | 1.2 | 0 | 373 | 210 | 5110 | 3300 | 3410 |
P7 | 48 | May–Nov'88 | 206 | T. | 245 | 6 | 0.71 | 0.25 | 0 | 445 | 92 | 1640 | 1410 | 1490 |
P6 | 49 | Jun–Nov'88 | 161 | T. | 270 | 17 | 0.68 | 0.49 | 0 | 430 | 80 | 2000 | 970 | 1030 |
P1 | 48 | Sep–Jan'89 | 139 | T. | 225 | 10 | 0.25 | 0.09 | 150 | 665 | 100 | 3640 | 3050 | 2900 |
P4 | 48 | Sep–Feb'89 | 181 | T. | 330 | 8 |
Table 7.
Fish production data: Grow-out ponds, Chipata
1988–89 Season
Pond No. | Area (are) | Culture period | No. days | Spec. | Stocking density (n/are) | Stocking av. weight (g) | T.S.P. (kg) | Av.food (kg/are/day) | Organic manure (kg/are/day | Ducks (av.n/day) | Harvest total (kg) | Av. weight (g) | Gross prod. (kg/ha/yr) | Net prod. (kg/ha/yr) |
P2 | 45 | Feb–Jun '89 | 128 | T. | 267 | 20 | 20 | 0.36 | 0.16 | 0 | 1 032 | 70 | 6 590 | 5 047 |
P6 | 49 | Feb–Jul '89 | 171 | T. | 236 | 20 | 20 | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0 | 952 | 73 | 4 959 | 3 688 |
P7 | 48 | Feb–Sep '89 | 186 | T. | 407 | 7 | 20 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 94 | 924 | 89 | 3 778 | 3 218 |
P1 | 48 | Mar–Oct '89 | 156 | T. | 303 | 8 | - | 0.83 | 0.15 | 856 | 1 370 | 63 | 6 678 | 6 182 |
P5 | 45 | Mar–Aug '89 | 154 | T. (Monosex) | 89 | 88 | 40 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 0 | 787 | 260 | 4 145 | 2 280 |
P4 | 48 | Apr–Oct '89 | 192 | T./C. | 250/4 | 13/10 | - | 0.46 | 0.13 | 200 | 678 | 83 | 2 686 | 2 076 |
P8 | 45 | May–Nov '89 | 205 | T. | 253 | 15 | 115 | 0.64 | 0.40 | 0 | 842 | 90 | 3 331 | 2.587 |
P7 | 48 | Sep–Dec '89 | 89 | T. | 214 | 21 | - | 0.67 | 0.29 | 115 | 350 | 95 | 2 990 | 1 144 |
(T.S.P. = Triple superphosphate)
T: Tilapia (O. andersonii)
C: Carp (C. carpio)
Table 8.
Fish production data: Grow-out ponds, Chipata
1989–90 Season
Pond No. | Area (are) | Culture period | No. days | Spec. | Stocking Density (n/are) | Stocking Av.weight (g) | Av.Food (kg/are/day | Organic manure (kg/are/day | Ducks (av.n/day | Harvest total (kg) | Av. weight (g) | Gross prod. (kg/ha/yr) | Net prod. (kg/ha/yr) |
P9 | 49 | Jun'89–Jan '90 | 181 | T. | 179 | 13 | 0.93 | 0.29 | 0 | 1 093 | 99 | 4 498 | 4 017 |
P6 | 49 | Sep'89–Feb '90 | 154 | T. | 243 | 12 | 0.66 | 0.11 | 0 | 850 | 98 | 4 112 | 3 458 |
P1 | 48 | Feb–Jun '90 | 154 | T. | 193 | 22 | 0.59 | 0.18 | 630 | 150 | 3 111 | 2 079 | |
P5 | 45 | Oct'89 –Apr '90 | 202 | T. (monosex) | 81 | 45 | 0.58 | 0.07 | 0 | 702 | 259 | 2 819 | 2 152 |
P4 | 48 | Jan–May '90 | 125 | T. | 250 | 10 | 0.82 | 0.09 | 200 | 849 | 100 | 5 165 | 4 423 |
P7 | 48 | Feb–Jun '90 | 139 | T. | 206 | 10 | 0.38 | 0.06 | 0 | 810 | 72 | 4 431 | 3 222 |
Table 9.
Duck incubation and production data - Chipata
month | n. eggs/Female | tot. n. coll | fert. % | hatch. % | n. day-old dk. | mort. % 3 weeks |
J 1987 | 1.96 | 225.00 | 68.00 | 44.00 | ||
F | 1.59 | 159.00 | 77.00 | 58.00 | ||
M | 0.45 | 45.00 | 87.00 | 56.00 | ||
A | 0.57 | 57.00 | 77.00 | 24.00 | ||
M | 2.18 | 283.00 | 75.00 | 44.00 | ||
J | 2.36 | 212.00 | 86.00 | 47.00 | ||
J | 6.90 | 759.00 | 88.00 | 49.00 | ||
A | 4.17 | 542.00 | 80.00 | 26.00 | ||
S | 3.00 | 297.00 | 75.00 | 59.00 | ||
O | 0.67 | 85.00 | 84.00 | 43.00 | ||
N | 1.65 | 229.00 | 72.00 | 46.00 | ||
D | 2.59 | 517.00 | 74.00 | 62.00 | ||
J 1988 | 3.10 | 619.00 | 72.00 | 46.00 | 146.00 | 41.10 |
F | 4.29 | 858.00 | 81.00 | 49.00 | 130.00 | 15.40 |
M | 2.82 | 564.00 | 74.00 | 41.00 | 164.00 | 32.90 |
A | 2.86 | 411.00 | 69.00 | 23.00 | 116.00 | 37.90 |
M | 2.19 | 350.00 | 72.00 | 37.00 | 39.00 | 48.78 |
J | 1.57 | 251.00 | 82.00 | 68.00 | 69.00 | 13.00 |
J | 3.92 | 627.00 | 85.00 | 77.00 | 117.00 | 11.10 |
A | 6.51 | 1041.00 | 84.00 | 68.00 | 268.00 | 26.50 |
S | 2.39 | 383.00 | 77.00 | 56.00 | 456.00 | 39.30 |
O | 1.32 | 211.00 | 65.00 | 51.00 | 126.00 | 25.40 |
N | 1.13 | 181.00 | 74.00 | 15.00 | 48.00 | 28.00 |
D | 2.78 | 445.00 | 82.00 | 49.00 | ||
J 1989 | 1.3 | 207 | 77 | 54 | 62 | |
F | 0.9 | 138 | 70 | 57 | 39 | |
M | 6.1 | 876 | 85 | 68 | 347 | |
A | 8.0 | 1069 | 85 | 51 | 318 | |
M | 5.2 | 822 | 80 | 61 | 223 | |
J | 5.1 | 883 | 83 | 84 | 395 | |
J | 1.2 | 265 | 92 | 65 | 112 | |
A | 1.0 | 216 | 86 | 68 | 89 | |
S | 1.0 | 240 | 75 | 60 | 70 | |
O | 0.5 | 100 | 78 | 70 | 33 | |
1990-Moscovy duck | ||||||
J | 0.8 | 16 | 87.5 | 57.1 | 8 | |
F | 4.6 | 83 | 85.5 | 57.7 | 41 | |
M | 7.1 | 128 | 83.5 | 81.3 | 87 | |
A | 2.5 | 126 | 89.6 | 68.1 | 77 | |
M | 4.7 | 237 | 83.2 | 39.1 | 74 | |
J | 3.8 | 188 | 74.4 | 41.0 | 55 |
Table 10.
Fish Production data - Grow-out ponds - Chilanga
1989–1990
Pond No. | Area (are) | Stocking (kg) | Harvesting (kg) | Period months | Wt. of fish (kg) | Net. Prod kg/ha/yr | Estimated loss % |
SW1 | 18 | 71.0 | 231.5 | 8 | 160.5 | 1330 | ? |
57.0 | 317.5 | 9 | 260.5 | 1930 | 63 | ||
SW2 | 27 | 39.7 | 282.3 | 12 | 242.6 | 1200 | 77 |
SW3 | 32 | 268 | 657 | (7/9) | 389 | 2100 | 70 |
SW4 | 16 | 27.8 | 21.9 | Vitiated | - | Detected | thefts |
C1 | 17 | 70 | 180 | 9 | 110 | 1400/860 | |
C2 | 16 | 73.5 | 223 | 10 | 149.5 | 1670/1120 | |
C20 | 49 | 46.2 | 437.65 | 10 | 391.45 | 1072/958 | |
SW3 | 32 | 44.5(O.a) | 525 | 7 | 538 | 2882 | - |
(1990 | 14.8(C.c) | 77 |
(Production in other ponds did not yield comparable results, due to severe losses (theft/mortality)).
Note: All ponds operated at low input levels, as production of fish seed for extension activities was primary activity. Table-size fish incidental.
Table 11
Peking duck Production, Chilanga
1987 | January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Eggs collected | 2,024 | 1,797 | 960 | 786 | 2,027 | 1,796 | 1,416 | 2,079 | 2,993 | 2,812 | 1,236 | 377 |
Eggs Incubated | 1,179 | 906 | 588 | 495 | 1,376 | 1,004 | 919 | 1,224 | 1,566 | 1,378 | 656 | 300 |
Ducklings produced | 379 | 375 | 218 | 258 | 784 | 578 | 415 | ? | 1,427 | 1,343 | 580 | 77 |
Eggs sold | 845 | 886 | 372 | 291 | 651 | 792 | 497 | 855 | 296 | 312 | 435 | 58 |
Ducklings sold to farmers | 160 | 235 | 44 | 24 | 162 | 289 | 126 | 66 | 75 | 100 | 40 | 20 |
1988 | January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Eggs collected | 2,024 | 1,792 | 2,111 | 1,987 | 2,366 | 1,498 | 748 | 1,685 | 1,661 | 1,645 | 881 | 1,528 |
Eggs incubated | 1,179 | 906 | 1,524 | 1,375 | 832 | 926 | 648 | 1,068 | 1,002 | 1,002 | 732 | 1,170 |
Ducklings produced | 845 | 886 | 495 | 288 | 228 | 646 | 206 | 223 | 290 | 118 | 198 | 146 |
Eggs sold | 379 | 375 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 488 | 149 | ? |
Ducklings sold to farmers | 160 | 235 | 55 | 80 | 25 | ? | 20 | 20 | 83 | 84 | 6 | 17 |
1989 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Eggs collected | 1,721 | 1,408 | 2,488 | 1,471 | 1,153 | 1,740 | 1,082 | 540 | 2,068 | 2,834 | 1,769 | 1,124 |
Eggs incubated | 1,397 | 1,171 | 2,176 | 1,231 | 927 | 1,302 | 920 | 493 | 1,723 | 2,427 | 1,495 | 950 |
Ducklings produced | 490 | 440 | 496 | 394 | 395 | 534 | 385 | 205 | 531 | 583 | 268 | 135 |
Eggs sold | 324 | 237 | 312 | 240 | 226 | 438 | 162 | 47 | 258 | 407 | 274 | 174 |
Ducklings sold to farmers | 30 | 20 | 75 | 217 | 122 | 209 | 250 | 234 | 110 | 93 | 115 | 21 |
1990 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Eggs collected | 986 | 1,072 | 457 | 246 | 605 | 2,054 | 567 | 528 | 1,229 | 1,775 | ||
Eggs incubated | 788 | 883 | 396 | 236 | 547 | 1,878 | 526 | 479 | 1,068 | 1,577 | ||
Ducklings produced | 61 | 175 | 72 | 21 | 152 | 614 | 122 | 149 | 150 | 199 | ||
Eggs sold | 198 | 189 | 61 | 10 | - | 160 | 46 | 34 | 150 | 178 | ||
Ducklings sold to farmers | 63 | 5 | 45 | 17 | 25 | ? | 110 | 30 | 30 | 40 |