In processing
The results of processing studies are summarized in Table 38.
Apples. Processing studies were carried out in the USA and Germany. In one of the two US trials residues were found in whole fruit and wet pomace, and were concentrated in dry pomace; residues in juice were <0.05 mg/kg. At a fivefold application rate residues of 0.06-0.07 mg/kg were found in juice. In Germany residues were found in the whole fruit and washed whole fruit, and were concentrated in pomace and further concentrated in dried apples. Residues were lowered in apple sauce and below the LOD (0.01 mg/kg) in juice.
Plums and cherries. Plums were processed to jam and dried prunes in a study in Germany. Residues were 0.01 mg/kg in destoned fruit and jam, and low (0.02 mg/kg) in prunes.
Cherries treated twice with teflubenzuron at a rate of 0.16 kg ai/ha were processed into preserve, jam and juice. Residues in these commodities were respectively 0.4, 0.3 and 0.7 times those in the unprocessed fruit and ranged from 0.12 to 0.21 mg/kg.
Grapes. Grapes were used to make juice and wine in Germany. The residues in the grapes were 0.12-0.26 mg/kg, but no residues were measurable in any of the corresponding juice or wine samples where the LOD was 0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg.
Potatoes. In two studies in the USA potatoes were treated 5 times at 0.034 or 0.17 kg ai/ha and processed to chips and French fries. Residues were <0.05 mg/kg in all samples from the lower rate. After the fivefold application rate, residues were still <0.05 mg/kg in tubers and chips, and <0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg in fries.
Soya beans. A single processing study was carried out on soya beans in the USA. Beans were treated once with 0.34 kg ai/ha and sampled 28 days after treatment. The residues were <0.05 mg/kg in the unprocessed seeds, beans and hulls, and 0.08 mg/kg in the meat. After processing to the oils, the residue in crude oil was <0.05 mg/kg, in refined oil 0.06 mg/kg and in refined bleached oil <0.05 and 0.14 mg/kg.
Cotton seed. Three processing studies were conducted in Guatemala and Mexico. Cotton plants were treated 12-15 times with teflubenzuron at rates of 0.039 to 0.08 kg ai/ha. The residues of teflubenzuron in the seeds, refined oil and presscake were below the LOD (0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg). Fibre contained residues between 0.25 and 2.1 mg/kg and residues in the raw oil were at or below the LOD of 0.1 mg/kg.
Tomatoes. A study was carried out in the USA. The residues in the raw tomatoes were not given so transfer factors could not be derived, but residues in the juice were below the LOD (0.05 mg/kg) and the concentrate and the purée contained residues between 0.07 and 0.11 mg/kg. The highest residues were in the pomace at 0.94-1.2 mg/kg.
Table 38. Residues of teflubenzuron in processed commodities.
|
Commodity Country |
Rate, kg ai/ha |
No. of applications |
PHI, days |
Sample |
Residues, mg/kg |
Report No. |
|
Apples |
0.11 |
4 |
30 |
fruit |
0.1 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
fruit |
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
wet pomace |
0.13 |
||
|
|
|
|
wet pomace |
0.16 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
dry pomace |
2.5 |
||
|
|
|
|
dry pomace |
1.9 |
||
|
Apples |
0.56 |
4 |
30 |
fruit |
<0.05 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
fruit |
<0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
wet pomace |
0.4 |
||
|
|
|
|
wet pomace |
0.51 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
0.07 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
0.06 |
||
|
|
|
|
dry pomace |
6.2 |
||
|
|
|
|
dry pomace |
5.8 |
||
|
Apple |
0.16 |
3 |
14 |
fruit |
0.12 |
SHE-9308
|
|
Germany
|
|
|
|
washed fruit |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
juice |
<0.01 |
||
|
|
|
|
pomace |
0.46 |
||
|
|
|
|
sauce |
0.03 |
||
|
|
|
|
dried apples |
1.4 |
||
|
Plums |
0.16 |
2 |
21 |
fruit |
<0.01 |
SHTR.93.009
|
|
Germany
|
|
|
|
destoned |
<0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
jam |
0.02 |
||
|
|
|
|
prunes |
|
||
|
Cherries |
0.16 |
2 |
21 |
fruit |
0.31 |
SHTR.93.010
|
|
Germany
|
|
|
|
destoned |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
preserve |
0.21 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
0.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
jam |
|
||
|
Grapes |
0.18 |
2 |
42 |
fruit |
0.12 |
C 82 14 72 |
|
Germany |
|
|
|
juice |
<0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
wine |
<0.05 |
||
|
Grapes |
0.16/2.0 |
1/1 |
35 |
fruit |
0.26 |
C 83 27 72 |
|
Germany |
|
|
|
juice |
<0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
wine |
<0.01 |
||
|
Grapes |
0.16/2.0 |
1/1 |
56 |
fruit |
0.16 |
C 83 27 03 01 |
|
Germany |
|
|
|
juice |
<0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
wine |
<0.01 |
||
|
Potatoes |
0.034 |
5 |
24 |
tuber. |
<0.05 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
tuber |
<0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
chips |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
chips |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
french fries |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
french fries |
<0.05 |
||
|
Potatoes |
0.17 |
5 |
24 |
tuber |
<0.05 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
tuber |
<0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
chips |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
chips |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
french fries |
0.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
french fries |
<0.05 |
||
|
Soya beans |
0.34 |
1 |
28 |
seeds |
<0.05 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
beans |
<0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
hulls |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
meat |
0.08 |
||
|
|
|
|
crude oil |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
refined oil |
0.06 |
||
|
|
|
|
refined |
|
||
|
|
|
|
bleached |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
oil |
|
||
|
|
|
|
refined |
0.14 |
||
|
|
|
|
bleached |
|
||
|
|
|
|
oil |
|
||
|
Cotton |
0.039 |
14 |
6 |
seeds |
<0.05 |
GTM84100301
|
|
Guatemala
|
|
|
|
raw oil |
<0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
refined oil |
<0.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
presscake |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
fibre |
0.93 |
||
|
Cotton |
0.039 |
15 |
8 |
seeds |
<0.05 |
GTM85100101
|
|
Guatemala
|
|
|
|
raw oil |
<0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
refined oil |
<0.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
presscake |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
fibre |
2.1 |
||
|
Cotton |
0.06-0.08 |
12 |
18 |
seeds |
<0.05 |
MEX84100101
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
|
raw oil |
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
refined oil |
<0.1 |
||
|
|
|
|
presscake |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
fibre |
0.25 |
||
|
Tomatoes |
0.056 |
5 |
0 |
concentrate |
0.1 |
HAS A025.001
|
|
USA
|
|
|
|
concentrate |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
pomace |
1.2 |
||
|
|
|
|
pomace |
0.94 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
juice |
<0.05 |
||
|
|
|
|
purée |
0.07 |
||
|
|
|
|
purée |
0.08 |
RESIDUES IN FOOD IN COMMERCE OR AT CONSUMPTION
No information was available.
