|
ZONES |
POPULATION (1991 ESTIMATE) |
PERCENT OF POPULATION FOOD INSECURE |
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS & CAUSES OF FOOD
INSECURITY |
|
CITIES & MEDIUM SIZED TOWNS |
10 933 000
(10 districts) |
22% |
1. Household income earner: (i) unemployed; (ii) in very low
paid formal sector employment; (iii) in marginal informal sector
employment;
2. Households with high ratio of dependants to earners (single
mothers with children & some pensioners). |
|
RURAL AREAS: |
10 080 000 |
|
|
|
NA 1 |
1 678 000
(4 districts) |
19% |
Landless peasants:
1. Casual wage employment limited
seasonally & wages are low;
2. High ratio of dependants to earners
(single mothers and elderly).
Peasant farmers:
1. Mean farm size
for lower quartile < 0.3 ha;
2. Difficulties in financing input purchases
due to absence of collateral.
Employees settled on large farms:
Low
wages (recent declines in real terms) and inadequate income opportunities for
women imply very low per caput incomes for larger households. |
|
NA 2 |
3 081 000
(8 districts) |
25% |
Landless peasants:
1. Casual wage employment limited
seasonally & wages are low;
2. High ratio of dependants to earners
(single mothers and elderly).
Peasant farmers:
1. Mean farm size
for lower quartile < 0.6 ha; poverty causes risk aversion and inhibits
adoption of yield increasing technology;
2. Limited off farm income
opportunities;
3. Difficulties in financing input purchase due to absence of
collateral and low profitability of input-based agriculture;
4. High
prevalence of HIV/AIDS in some pockets.
Employees settled on large
farms:
Low wages (recent declines in real terms) and inadequate income
opportunities for women imply very low per caput incomes for larger
households. |
|
NA 3 |
3 936 000 (10 districts) |
35% |
Peasant farmers:
1. Low rainfall constrains cereal
yields, and causes harvest failure one year in four; under-developed transport
and marketing infrastructure;
2. Very limited off farm income
opportunities;
3. Extreme difficulties in financing input purchase due to
absence of collateral and low profitability of input-based
agriculture.
Employees settled on large farms:
1. Low wages (recent
declines in real terms) and inadequate income opportunities for women imply very
low per caput incomes for larger households. |
|
NA 4 |
864 000
(3 districts) |
45% |
Peasant farmers:
1. Low and highly variable rainfall
constrains cereal yields, and causes harvest failure one year in two;
2. Very
limited off farm income opportunities;
3. Extreme difficulties in financing
input purchase due to absence of collateral and low profitability of input-based
agriculture. |
|
NA 5 |
8,000
(1 district common with NA4) |
10 to 70 % |
Currently no major difficulties for pastoralists, but
historically they have suffered in droughts prolonged beyond two years;
Pastoralists suffered particularly during the drought of 1994/1995. |
