FAO/UNDP-BFAR Brackishwater Aquaculture Demonstration and Training Project
PHI/75/005

MANUAL ON ARTEMIA PRODUCTION IN SALT PONDS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Jan Vos
Associate Expert FAO

and

Nympha L. de la Rosa
Counterpart BFAR

Artemia Production in saltponds in the Philippines is a sub-project of the BFAR-FAO/UNDP Brackishwater Aquaculture and Training Project.

This manual is written to serve as a guideline for BFAR Extension Officers, fish farmers and most especially for people who are engaged in the solar salt production industry.

I hope each reader will find this manual a good working tool for the implementation of Artemia production in our country.


	Director B F A R
	Manila 28 November. 1980

Quezon City, October 1980

Hyperlinks to non-FAO Internet sites do not imply any official endorsement of or responsibility for the opinions, ideas, data or products presented at these locations, or guarantee the validity of the information provided. The sole purpose of links to non-FAO sites is to indicate further information available on related topics.

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software. FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.

INTRODUCTION

1. USE OF ARTEMIA

1.1 Systematic classification

1.2 Occurence

1.3 Importance

1.4 Bottleneck

2. BACKGROUND AND ECONOMICS

3.1 Different strains

3.2 Morphology and life cycle

3.8 Phototactism and distribution

4. INOCULATION IN GENERAL

4.1 Definition

4.2 Principle

4.3 Strain selection

4.4 Time of inoculation

5.4 Prevention of lab-lab

6. INOCULATION TECHNIQUES

6.1 Naupliae or adults

6.2 Inoculum preparation

6.3 Transportation

6.4 Actual inoculation

7. POND MANAGEMENT

7.1 General principle

7.2 Details

8. HARVEST PROCESSING

8.1 Regular harvests

8.2 Processing of cysts

8.3 Production potentials

8.4 Cyst quality analysis

9. SITE SELECTION

9.1 Criteria for suitable sites

9.2 Climatology and facilities

10. PRACTICAL WORK AND EXERCISES

Biology and life cycle

Determination of salinity

Hatching Artemia

Inoculation

Pond management - water intake

Cyst quality analysis

Processing and storage of Artemia cysts

APPENDIX

Related literature

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 1 Life cycle of the brine shrimp (Artemia salina)

Fig. 2 Theoretical management of Artemia pond

Fig. 3 Dehydrated cysts

Fig. 4 Hydrated cysts

Fig. 5 Hatching cyst - Breaking stage

Fig. 6 Hatching cyst - Hatching stage

Fig. 7 Hatched nauplius Instar I

Fig. 8 Growing larva Instar IV

Fig. 9 Subadult male

Fig. 10 Adult male

Fig. 11 Adult female

Fig. 12 Detail of thoracopods

Fig. 13 Riding couple

Fig. 14 Egg development

Fig. 15 Brood pouch

Fig. 16 Refractometer reading

Fig. 17 Standard method for hatching efficiency

Fig. 18 Simplified method for hatching efficiency

Fig. 19 Method for hatching percentage

INTRODUCTION

This manual is meant as a guideline for Artemia production in salt ponds in the Philippines. We hope that it will not only serve Government workers, but also interested people from the private sector.

We are greatly indebted to the Artemia Reference Center of the University of Ghent - Belgium, where many of the described methodologies and know-how originated; to all fish and saltfarmers who gave us an insight in their practical experience; and to the many Government workers who made our surveys possible.

Many thanks go also to Mr. R. Manguerra for his fine drawings and to Mrs. J. Daquioag and Mr. L. Iglesias, respectively for typing and mimeographing the manuscript.

The drawings in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 17 where copied from slides made by Dr. P. Sorgeloos from the Artemia Reference Center, and Fig. 14 is based on a drawing from Metalli and Ballardin.

CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

INTRODUCTION