FAOLEX Database

Brazil - Country Profiles

Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
Date of text: 05 October 1988 (02 July 2020)

Policies

Decree No. 12.644 establishing the National Plastic-Free Ocean Strategy for the period 2025 to 2030.
Date of text: 01 October 2025
Decree No. 12.486 establishing the National Strategy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Coral Reefs (ProCoral).
Date of text: 03 June 2025
5th Federal Action Plan for the Coastal Zone (V PAF-ZC) 2025-2027.
Date of text: 22 May 2025
Decree No. 12.363 approving the 11th Sectoral Plan for Marine Resources (XI PSRM).
Date of text: 17 January 2025
Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation and Fires in the Atlantic Forest (PPMata Atlântica 2025–2027).
Date of text: 2025

Legislation

Agricultural and rural development

Law No. 8.171 on agricultural policy.
Date of text: 17 January 1991 (30 September 2025)
Law No. 10.831 on organic farming and other provisions.
Date of text: 23 December 2003
Law No. 12.787 on National Policy of Irrigation.
Date of text: 11 January 2013
Law No. 13.288 providing for integration contracts, obligations and responsibilities in contractual relations between integrated producers.
Date of text: 16 May 2016
Law No. 11.326 establishing the guidelines for the formulation of the National Policy for Family Farming and Rural Family Units.
Date of text: 24 July 2006 (20 March 2024)

Climate change

Law No. 15.042 creating the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (SBCE).
Date of text: 11 December 2024
Law No. 12.187 instituting the National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC).
Date of text: 29 December 2009
Law No. 14.904 establishing guidelines for the preparation of climate change adaptation plans and amending Law No. 12.114 of 9 December 2009.
Date of text: 27 June 2024
Decree No. 6.263 instituting the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Climate Change (CIM).
Date of text: 21 November 2007
Decree No. 9.888 establishing the annual compulsory targets for greenhouse gas emission reduction related to fuel trade referred to in Law No. 13.576 and creating the National Biofuels Policy Committee (Comité RenovaBio).
Date of text: 25 June 2019 (16 April 2025)

Cultivated plants

Law No. 10.711 ruling on National System for seeds and seedlings.
Date of text: 05 August 2003
Law No. 9.456 establishing the Plant Variety Protection Law and enacting other measures.
Date of text: 25 April 1997
Law No. 14.785 on research, experimentation, production, packaging, labelling, transport, storage, commercialization, use, import, export, final destination of waste and packaging, registration, classification, control, inspection and supervision of pesticides, environmental control products, technical and similar products.
Date of text: 27 December 2023 (23 December 2024)
Law No. 13.123 regulating art. 225 of the Federal Constitution; Articles: 1, 8, 10, 15 and 16 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, promulgated by Decree No. 2.519 on the access to genetic resources, protection and access to associated traditional knowledge and the sharing of benefits for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Date of text: 20 May 2015
Decree No. 8.772 regulating Law No. 13.123 providing for the access to genetic resources, protection and access to associated traditional knowledge and the sharing of benefits for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Date of text: 11 May 2016

Disaster risk management

Decree No. 10.569 approving the National Strategy for Critical Infrastructure Security (Ensic).
Date of text: 09 December 2020
Decree No. 11.433 creating the Interministerial Working Group, under the Ministry of Agrarian Development and Family Farming, with the purpose of presenting proposals to prevent and mitigate the effects of the drought on agricultural production in the Southern Region, and authorizing the concession of an additional credit operation of installation for beneficiaries of the National Agrarian Reform Programme with undertakings affected by drought within the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul State.
Date of text: 10 March 2023
Decree No. 10.689 creating the Disaster Support Group within the Ministry of Regional Development.
Date of text: 27 April 2021
Decree No. 7.257 regulating Provisional Measure No. 494 of 2 July 2010, aimed to provide for the National Civil Protection System (SINDEC), for the recognition of emergency situations and the state of public disaster, on the transfer of resources for relief actions, assistance to victims, restoration of essential services and reconstruction in disaster-stricken areas.
Date of text: 04 August 2010 (27 June 2011)
Alagoas: Decree No. 69.691 declaring Abnormal Situation, characterized as a State of Public Calamity in Alagoas Territory, affected by Infectious Viral Disease - Cobrade 1.5.1.1.0, according to Normative Instruction no. 2, of December 20, 2016, from the Ministry of National Integration, for the purposes of Prevention and Fight against the New Coronavirus, Cause of Covid-19.
Date of text: 15 April 2020

Environment

Environmental Law No. 6.938.
Date of text: 31 August 1981 (08 August 2025)
Law No. 14.850 creating the National Policy on Air Quality.
Date of text: 02 May 2024
Law No. 10.650 on access-to-information available in the bodies composing the National System for Environment (Sisnama).
Date of text: 16 April 2003
Law No. 11.105 ruling on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) use and other provisions.
Date of text: 24 March 2005
Law No. 14.119 creating the National Payment Policy for Environmental Services.
Date of text: 13 January 2021

Fisheries and aquaculture

Law No. 11.959 on Sustainable Development Policy on Fisheries and Aquaculture.
Date of text: 29 June 2009
Decree No. 4.895 establishing conditions for using water areas for aquaculture purposes.
Date of text: 25 November 2003
Law No. 13.029 establishing the Chapada dos Guimarães and Nova Brasilândia State Fishing Areas, encompassing the entire perimeter of the lake formed by the Manso Hydroelectric Power Plant.
Date of text: 10 September 2025
Law No. 13.902 providing for the development policy and support for the activities of women clam harvesters.
Date of text: 13 November 2019
Law No. 11.958 transforming the Secretary of Aquaculture and Fishery into the Ministry for Fishery and Aquaculture, amending Law No. 10.683 of 2003 on Government Institutions and Ministries.
Date of text: 26 June 2009

Food and nutrition

Law No. 11.346 on the National System for Food and Nutrition Security (SISAN).
Date of text: 15 September 2006 (30 September 2025)
Decree-Law No. 986 creating basic norms on food.
Date of text: 21 October 1969 (04 July 2016)
Law No. 11.947 establishing the School Feeding Programme in primary schools of Brazil (PNAE).
Date of text: 16 June 2009 (30 September 2025)
Law No. 8.078 on the Consumer Protection Code.
Date of text: 11 September 1990 (03 October 2017)
Law No. 15.224 establishing the National Policy to Combat Food Loss and Waste (PNCPDA) and creating the Food Donor Seal.
Date of text: 30 September 2025

Forestry

Law No. 12.651 on the protection of Native Forests.
Date of text: 25 May 2012 (31 July 2024)
Law No. 11.428 on the use and protection of Atlantic Forest Biome.
Date of text: 22 December 2006 (08 August 2025)
Law No. 11.284 on public forests management for sustainable production and other provisions.
Date of text: 02 March 2006 (24 May 2023)
Law No. 13.288 providing for integration contracts, obligations and responsibilities in contractual relations between integrated producers.
Date of text: 16 May 2016
Law No. 15.228 providing for the use, conservation, protection, and recovery of the Pantanal biome.
Date of text: 30 September 2025

Gender

Decree No. 9.788 creating the State Programme to Support and Promote Women Entrepreneurs who are Heads of Households 'Mulher Chefe de Família'.
Date of text: 29 December 2025
Law No. 4.702 establishing guidelines for the State Policy to Support and Promote Female Entrepreneurs Who Are Heads of Households (FEMALE HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD).
Date of text: 27 May 2025
Law No. 14.611 establishing equal pay and remuneration criteria between women and men.
Date of text: 03 October 2023
Law No. 11.446 creating the State Policy of Training and Continuing Qualification of Women for the World of Work.
Date of text: 30 May 2023
Decree No. 11.795 regulating Law No. 14.611 on the equal pay and remuneration criteria between women and men.
Date of text: 23 November 2023

Indigenous peoples

Law No. 14.021 providing for social protection measures to prevent the contagion and dissemination of Covid-19 in indigenous territories; creating the Emergency Plan to Fight Covid-19 in indigenous territories; establishing measures to support quilombola communities, artisanal fisherfolks and other traditional peoples and communities to face Covid-19.
Date of text: 07 July 2020
Law No. 6.001 establishing the Indigenous People Statute.
Date of text: 19 December 1973
Decree No. 11.510 creating the Interministerial Committee for the Coordination, Planning and Follow-up of Actions for the Protection of Indigenous Lands.
Date of text: 28 April 2023
Decree No. 11.509 creating the National Council for Indigenous Policy.
Date of text: 28 April 2023
Decree No. 7.747 establishing the National Policy on Territorial and Environmental Management of Indigenous Lands (PNGATI).
Date of text: 05 June 2012

Land and soil

Law No. 4.504 providing for the Land Tenure Statute.
Date of text: 30 November 1964 (05 January 2007)
Law No. 11.977 establishing the Programme “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” on land regularization in urban settlements.
Date of text: 07 July 2009 (30 December 2024)
Law No. 11.952 concerning public lands.
Date of text: 25 June 2009 (19 December 2023)
Law No. 10.932 amending Law No. 6.766 on urban land subdivision.
Date of text: 03 August 2004
Law No. 10.257 on Urban Policy.
Date of text: 10 July 2001 (07 January 2026)

Livestock

Decree-Law No. 467 regulating controls on veterinary drugs and their manufacturing establishments.
Date of text: 13 February 1969 (29 December 2022)
Decree No. 8.772 regulating Law No. 13.123 providing for the access to genetic resources, protection and access to associated traditional knowledge and the sharing of benefits for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Date of text: 11 May 2016
Decree No. 6.296 approving the Regulation implementing Law No. 6.198 on sanitary controls on animal feedstuff.
Date of text: 11 December 2007
Law No. 15.355 establishing the Policy for the Reception and Management of Rescued Animals (Amar).
Date of text: 11 March 2026
Law No. 15.322 establishing the Golden July (Julho Dourado) campaign, aimed at promoting the health of domestic and stray animals and preventing zoonoses.
Date of text: 06 January 2026

Mineral resources and energy

Law No. 9.478 on the National Energy Policy.
Date of text: 06 August 1997 (10 January 2018)
Decree-Law No. 227 on the Mining Code.
Date of text: 28 February 1967 (29 December 2022)
Decree-Law No. 1.985 on Mining Code.
Date of text: 29 January 1940
Law No. 10.848 on the commercialization of electric energy.
Date of text: 15 March 2004 (08 April 2020)
Law No. 4.118 on Nuclear Energy National Policy and creating the National Committee on Nuclear Energy.
Date of text: 27 August 1962

Sea

Act No. 9.432 regulating vessel navigation.
Date of text: 08 January 1997
Law No. 7.661 establishing National Planning for Coastal Zone Management.
Date of text: 16 May 1988 (08 August 2025)
Law No. 15.283 providing for the regulation of professional sports and recreational sailor.
Date of text: 18 December 2025
Law No. 12.815 providing for the direct and indirect exploitation by the Union of ports and port facilities and the activities carried out by port operators.
Date of text: 05 June 2013 (10 June 2019)
Law No. 12.379 on National System of Transport.
Date of text: 06 January 2011

Social protection

Law No. 8.742 providing for the National Social Protection.
Date of text: 07 December 1993 (22 June 2021)
Law No. 12.485 providing for the mandatory approach of children or adolescents living on the streets.
Date of text: 23 October 2025
Law No. 14.995 creating the Programme called Acredita no Primeiro Passo and the Foreign Private Capital Mobilization and Exchange Protection Programme (Eco Invest Brasil Programme).
Date of text: 10 October 2024 (27 December 2024)
Law No. 14.821 creating the National Policy of Decent Work and Citizenship for the Homeless Population (PNTC PopRua).
Date of text: 16 January 2024
Law No. 14.628 establishing the Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) and the Solidarity Food Aid Programme.
Date of text: 20 July 2023 (30 September 2025)

Water

Law No. 9.433 creating the National Water Resources Policy, the National Water Resources Management System, regulating Section XIX, Article 21 of the Federal Constitution.
Date of text: 08 January 1997 (19 June 2023)
Law No. 12.787 on National Policy of Irrigation.
Date of text: 11 January 2013
Decree No. 24.643 approving the Water Code.
Date of text: 10 July 1934 (09 December 1998)
Decree No. 4.895 establishing conditions for using water areas for aquaculture purposes.
Date of text: 25 November 2003
Law No. 12.026 providing for the registration, monitoring and recovery of springs, riparian forests and the surrounding area of ​​the Cuiabá River and its tributaries.
Date of text: 16 March 2023

Wild species and ecosystems

Law No. 9.985 establishing the National System of Protected Areas Management - SNUC.
Date of text: 18 July 2000 (08 August 2025)
Act No. 5.197 providing for the protection of wild fauna.
Date of text: 03 January 1967 (18 July 2000)
Law No. 12.651 on the protection of Native Forests.
Date of text: 25 May 2012 (31 July 2024)
Decree No. 3.607 on the implementation of the Convention on the flora and fauna international trade.
Date of text: 21 September 2000 (08 July 2011)
Law No. 15.355 establishing the Policy for the Reception and Management of Rescued Animals (Amar).
Date of text: 11 March 2026

Miscellaneous

Decree-Law No. 5.452 approving the Consolidation of Laws on Labour.
Date of text: 10 November 1943 (23 August 2023)
Law No. 10.406 providing for the Civil Code.
Date of text: 10 January 2002 (08 March 2022)
Law No. 14.133 on Public Procurement and Administrative Contracts.
Date of text: 01 April 2021 (16 September 2025)
Law No. 13.334 creating the Investment Partnership Programme (PPI).
Date of text: 13 September 2016 (19 June 2023)
Law No. 12.690 regulating the organization and functioning of Cooperatives and creating the National Programme for Cooperatives (PRONACOOP).
Date of text: 19 July 2012

International Agreements

Decree No. 12.495 ratifying the Agreement on Cooperation and Investment Facilitation between the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Republic of Ecuador, signed in New York on September 25, 2019.
Date of text: 05 June 2025
Decree No. 11.917 promulgating the Technical Cooperation Agreement between the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Government of the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, signed in Basseterre, on April 15, 2016.
Date of text: 14 February 2024
Decree No. 8.959 promulgating the Agreement between the Government of the Federate Republic of Brazil and the Government of the French Republic for the establishment of a Transboundary Cooperation in Emergency Relief.
Date of text: 16 January 2017

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