Thank you for the opportunity to contribute to this report. Suggestions from Fauna & Flora are attached.
Emma Scott
Senior Technical Specialist, Agriculture
Fauna & Flora
1. Different ways of defining resilience :
- How do different groups define resilience (e.g. Indigenous Peoples’ Organizations, the scientific / peer reviewed literature, other key rights holders)?
Ingram, J., et al. "Further concepts and approaches for enhancing food system resilience." Nature Food 4.6 (2023): 440-441.
- Where food systems resilience is defined according to 3 Rs – robustness, recovery & reorientation
Oliver, T.H., et al. "Biodiversity and resilience of ecosystem functions." Trends in ecology & evolution 30.11 (2015): 673-684.
- Definition and metrics of resilience focusing on ecological functioning
- "...the degree to which an ecosystem function can resist or recover rapidly from environmental perturbations, thereby maintaining function above a socially acceptable level. This can be thought of as the ecosystem functions-related meaning of resilience, or alternatively as the inverse of ecological ‘vulnerability’. Resilience in this context is related to the stability of an ecosystem function as defined by its constancy over time, but the approach of using a minimum threshold more explicitly measures deficits of ecological function that impact on human well-being. Note that here we focus on the resilience of individual ecosystem functions, which might be appropriate for policy formulation (e.g., pollination resilience), although ecosystem managers will ultimately want to consider the suite of ecosystem functions supporting essential services in a given location."
- What resilience frameworks are there that should be explored?
Ollivier, Guillaume & Magda, Daniele & Mazé, Armelle & Plumecocq, Gaël & Lamine, Claire. (2018). Agroecological Transitions: What Can Sustainability Transition Frameworks Teach Us? An Ontological and Empirical Analysis. ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY. 23. 10.5751/ES-09952-230205.
- Here the authors adapted the panarchy model of adaptive and resilient change from Gunderson and Holling 2002 to identify paths to transitioning toward more sustainable agriculture systems.
Sra. Emma Scott